A method for spread spectrum communication, a user equipment and a base station are provided in embodiments of the present disclosure. The method for spread spectrum communication applied to a user equipment includes: selecting spreading sequences for a plurality of symbols of data to be transmitted in a set of spreading sequences, respectively, wherein spreading sequences selected for at least two symbols are different; spreading the data by using the selected spreading sequences; transmitting the spread data.

A method of a base station in a wireless communication system, a method of a terminal, a base station, and a terminal are provided. The method of the base station includes transmitting configuration information on measuring a channel state, wherein the configuration information includes first information on a first resource for a channel measurement and second information on a second resource for an interference measurement; transmitting a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) associated with the first resource; and receiving channel state information based on the first resource and the second resource, and wherein the second resource is a resource for muting data transmission, and wherein the second resource is one of resources for muting data transmission which are configured to a user equipment (UE).

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive a discovery reference signal from a base station on an anchor channel. The UE may perform a first random or pseudorandom frequency hopping procedure to identify a plurality of downlink carriers for a first time period. The UE may perform a second random or pseudorandom frequency hopping procedure within the plurality of downlink carriers to select one of the plurality of downlink carriers as the uplink channel for a second time period. The UE may then transmit an uplink communication during the second time period on the selected uplink channel. In some examples, the uplink communication may be transmitted based at least in part on time division multiplexing (TDM) information.

An example method may include receiving, from a wireless sniffer, sniffer data for a window of time, where the sniffer data may include wireless signal data. The method may also include obtaining corresponding access point data from an access point in a wireless network for at least part of the window of time for which the sniffer data is received. The method may additionally include analyzing the sniffer data and the corresponding access point data to assess performance of the wireless network.

Provided herein are a method and an apparatus for interference measurement using a beam management reference signal (BM-RS). The disclosure provides an apparatus for a user equipment (UE), comprising circuitry configured to: decode one or more beam management reference signals broadcasted by a Transmission Reception Point (TRP) in a cell, wherein the one or more beam management reference signals are used by the TRP to perform beam management for respective one or more other UEs in the cell; and measure interference from the one or more other UEs in the cell based on the decoded one or more beam management reference signals. According to some embodiments, the overhead for the interference measurement can be reduced since it is not necessary to allocate a separate CSI-RS for the purpose of interference measurement.

A method of operating a base station (BS) for a coexistence operation in a wireless communication system is provided. The method comprises performing a first measurement of first signals received from neighbor BSs over channels that are shared with the neighbor BSs before receipt of a spectrum access grant from a network entity; generating a registration request comprising a first measurement report based on the first measurement of the first signals; transmitting, to the network entity, the registration request comprising the first measurement report of the first signals; receiving the spectrum access grant from the network entity; and performing a second measurement of second signals received from the neighbor BSs over the channels that are shared with the neighbor BSs after receiving the spectrum access grant from the network entity.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive a discovery reference signal from a base station on an anchor channel. The UE may perform a first random or pseudorandom frequency hopping procedure to identify a plurality of downlink carriers for a first time period. The UE may perform a second random or pseudorandom frequency hopping procedure within the plurality of downlink carriers to select one of the plurality of downlink carriers as the uplink channel for a second time period. The UE may then transmit an uplink communication during the second time period on the selected uplink channel. In some examples, the uplink communication may be transmitted based at least in part on time division multiplexing (TDM) information.

A wireless communication device (alternatively, device) includes a processing circuitry configured to support communications with other wireless communication device(s) and to generate and process signals for such communications. In some examples, the device includes a communication interface and a processing circuitry, among other possible circuitries, components, elements, etc. to support communications with other wireless communication device(s) and to generate and process signals for such communications. A device receives a request to send (RTS) from another device and replies with a clear to send (CTS) when the RTS includes a non-zero-valued network allocation vector (NAV) if one or more conditions make such a response permissible. The device processes other parameter(s) associated with other communications between other devices to determine if a CTS response is permissible even during the other communications between the other devices. If comparison of the other parameter(s) is/are favorably to certain condition(s), the device transmits the CTS.

The present disclosure provides a method and apparatus for controlling interference from a controllable device. The method includes that: a target RB suffering interference from a controllable device is determined from all RBs for data transmission; a target notification message is generated, the target notification message containing an interference indication identifier and RB information of the target RB and the interference indication identifier being configured to indicate that the interference is from the controllable device; and the target notification message is transmitted to a target base station to reduce the interference from the controllable device over the target RB according to the target notification message, the target base station being a base station for providing service for the controllable device. According to the present disclosure, interference from a controllable device over a base station of a cellular network may be reduced.

A communication device generates a physical layer (PHY) data unit that includes a PHY preamble and one or more PHY midambles. The communication generates the PHY preamble of the PHY data unit to include i) a signal field having a subfield that indicates that the PHY data unit includes one or more PHY midambles, ii) a short training field (STF) for automatic gain control (AGC) training and synchronization at a receiver, and iii) one or more long training fields (LTFs) for determining a channel estimate at the receiver. The communication generates a data payload of the PHY data unit having i) a set of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, and ii) one or more PHY midambles. Each of the one or more PHY midambles includes one or more LTFs for determining an updated channel estimate. The communication device transmits the PHY data unit via a wireless communication channel.