Scrambling code is initialized based on a parameter, n′.sub.RNTI, that changes from a given block of sub-frames to a subsequent block of sub-frames wherein the parameter is derived using one of the following formulas:

n′.sub.RNTI=(n.sub.RNTI+SFN)mod 216

n′.sub.RNTI=(n.sub.RNTI+k)mod 216 where n.sub.RNTI is a temporary identifier associated with a mobile device connected to said cell and for which said scrambling code is applicable; and SFN is a system frame number associated with said at least one of said sequence of sub-frames; and k is a sub-frame counter.

A pen includes reception circuitry configured to receive an uplink signal generated according to a first protocol. The pen includes transmission circuitry configured to transmit a downlink signal on the basis of a reception timing of the uplink signal and a command included in the uplink signal. In a case where the reception circuitry, after receiving the uplink signal, in a period in which the next uplink signal is receivable, receives an uplink signal that is in a special state instead of receiving the next uplink signal normally, the transmission circuitry transmits, according to the first protocol, the downlink signal including either data according to the command or default data.

Methods and apparatuses pertaining to radar interference mitigation are described. A processor associated with an apparatus may generate a plurality of wave frames such that one or more aspects of the plurality of wave frames vary from one wave frame to another wave frame of the plurality of wave frames. Each of the plurality of wave frames may respectively include a plurality of chirps. A wireless transmitter associated with the apparatus may transmit the plurality of wave frames. A wireless receiver associated with the apparatus may receive one or more reflected waves comprising at least a portion of one or more of the wave frames reflected by an object. The processor may determine a distance between the object and the apparatus, a speed of the objet, or both, based on an analysis of the one or more reflected waves.

A method and device for sending and receiving a preamble sequence of a physical random access channel, comprising: scrambling a preamble subsequence and then sending, the preamble subsequence being scrambled according to a cyclic shift value of a preamble subsequence sent in the previous stage; performing a descrambling operation according to a cyclic shift value of a preamble subsequence received in the previous stage during reception; and determining a preamble sub-sequence detected after descrambling as a preamble sub-sequence received in the current stage, where the received preamble sub-sequence in the current stage and the received preamble sub-sequence in the previous stage belong to the same preamble sequence.

At least some aspects of the present disclosure provide for a system. In some examples, the system includes a pulse width modulation (PWM) generator configured to generate a PWM signal. The PWM generator generates the PWM signal by generating a first signal having a first dithering profile and a first frequency bandwidth, generating a second signal having a second dithering profile and a second frequency bandwidth greater than the first frequency bandwidth, modulating the second signal with the first signal to generate a dual random spread spectrum signal, and generating the pulse width modulation signal according to the dual random spread spectrum signal.

A GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver apparatus includes a bank of correlators configured to receive in-phase and quadrature versions of a received signal. A code numerical controlled oscillator is configured to determine a code frequency. A GNSS pseudo random noise sequence generator is configured to generate a pseudo random noise sequence at the code frequency set by the code numerical controlled oscillator. A GNSS pseudo random noise delayed sequence generator includes a first shift register and a second shift register. Taps of the shift registers are selectable as a punctual replica, an early replica and a delayed replica of the pseudo random noise sequence. An enable circuit is configured to generate an enable signal coupled to an enable input of the flip-flops, the enable signal operating at a selectable enable frequency.

A signal sending method, a signal receiving method, and a device are provided. A part that is of a first signal and that is carried on the k.sup.th subcarrier in the i.sup.th subcarrier group in N subcarrier groups is x.sub.i,n.sub.id(k), and a sequence {s.sub.i,n.sub.id(k)} related to x.sub.i,n.sub.id(k) is one of enumerated sequences. The enumerated sequences are sequences with relatively good cross-correlation. Therefore, for two subcarrier groups, provided that selected {s.sub.i,n.sub.id(k)} is two of the enumerated sequences, cross-correlation between signals carried in the two subcarrier groups can be ensured to be relatively good, thereby reducing interference between the signals and improving channel estimation performance.

A communication system with increased throughput for providing communication between transceivers via a wireless communication channel through multiple, N, single input, single output, SISO, links provided for a corresponding number, N, of data sequences, wherein each transceiver includes a transmitter having spreading units each configured to spread in an operation mode of the communication system a data sequence with an associated predefined unique spreading code sequence to generate a spread data sequence multiplexed to an antenna unit of the respective transceiver configured to transmit the spread data sequences via the wireless communication channel to antenna units of other transceivers of the communication system.

Various embodiments provide for data transmission using modulated carrier signals to carry data, where the carrier signal comprises a predetermined sequence of symbols. An embodiment can be used in such applications as data network communications between sensors (e.g., cameras, motion, radar, etc.) and computing equipment within vehicles (e.g., smart and autonomous cars).

An extensible communication system is described herein. The system includes a first module for receiving a root index value and for generating a constant amplitude zero auto-correlation sequence based on the root value. The system further includes a second module for receiving a seed value and for generating a Pseudo-Noise sequence based on the seed value. The system further includes a third module for modulating the constant amplitude zero auto-correlation sequence by the Pseudo-Noise sequence and for generating a complex sequence. The system further includes a fourth module for translating the complex sequence to a time domain sequence, wherein the fourth module applies a cyclic shift to the time domain sequence to obtain a shifted time domain sequence.