This application discloses a synchronization signal sending method and a related device. The method includes: generating a first synchronization signal sequence and a second synchronization signal sequence, where the first synchronization signal sequence is a sequence obtained based on a first m-sequence, the second synchronization signal sequence is a sequence obtained based on a Gold sequence, the Gold sequence is generated based on a second m-sequence and a third m-sequence, and a generator polynomial of the first m-sequence is the same as a generator polynomial of the second m-sequence; mapping the first synchronization signal sequence onto M subcarriers in a first time unit to obtain a first synchronization signal, and mapping the second synchronization signal sequence onto M subcarriers in a second time unit to obtain a second synchronization signal, where M and N are positive integers greater than 1.

A method of processing a satellite signal includes: receiving a satellite positioning system (SPS) signal, including an SPS data signal of unknown data content, from a satellite at a wireless communication device; receiving symbol indications, of determined symbol values, from a terrestrial wireless communication system at the wireless communication device; correlating the SPS data signal with a pseudo-random noise code to obtain first correlation results; and using the symbol indications and the first correlation results to determine a measurement of the SPS signal.

A GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver apparatus includes a bank of correlators configured to receive in-phase and quadrature versions of a received signal. A code numerical controlled oscillator is configured to determine a code frequency. A GNSS pseudo random noise sequence generator is configured to generate a pseudo random noise sequence at the code frequency set by the code numerical controlled oscillator. A GNSS pseudo random noise delayed sequence generator includes a first shift register and a second shift register. Taps of the shift registers are selectable as a punctual replica, an early replica and a delayed replica of the pseudo random noise sequence. An enable circuit is configured to generate an enable signal coupled to an enable input of the flip-flops, the enable signal operating at a selectable enable frequency.

A pseudo-random noise (PRN) code generator is provided. The PRN code generator includes a register controller; a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO); a primary code generator configured to generate a primary code chip; and a secondary code generator configured to generate a secondary code chip. The primary code generator and the secondary code generator each include: a Weil code generator configured to generate a Weil code chip; a memory code generator configured to generate a memory code chip; a Golden code generator configured to generate a Golden code chip; and a first multiplexer configured to select the Weil code chip, the Golden code chip, or the memory code chip as the primary code chip or the secondary code chip. The PRN code generator also includes a first XOR gate configured to XOR the primary code chip and the secondary code chip to generate a PRN code chip.

A method for generating a spreading sequence is disclosed. The method includes receiving a plurality of signals from a remote device. The plurality of signals is sampled to generate a plurality of data sets corresponding to the plurality of signals, respectively. Each data set indicates a power value of the corresponding signal. From the plurality of data sets, one or more data sets indicating a power value greater than a predetermined value is selected. A spreading sequence is generated based on the one or more selected data sets.

Communicating using spread spectrum. A legacy RF signal is intercepted from a legacy radio. Spread spectrum processing is performed on the legacy RF signal to create a spread signal. The spread signal is transmitted to a receiver, whereafter the spread signal is de-spread to recover the legacy RF signal.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment may generate a pseudorandom noise (PN) sequence, modulate the PN sequence based at least in part on a modulation order parameter, and transmit the PN sequence in one or more symbols prior to transmitting sidelink data. The one or more symbols used to transmit the PN sequence may be used for automatic gain control (AGC) training at a receiving device. The user equipment may then transmit the sidelink data in a plurality of symbols that are subsequent in time relative to the one or more symbols used to transmit the PN sequence, and the receiving device may process the sidelink data based on the AGC training. Numerous other aspects are provided.

A method for antenna calibration for an active antenna system is disclosed. According to an embodiment, test signals are generated for multiple antennas of the active antenna system. The test signals are transmitted via the multiple antennas. A first signal that results from the transmission of the test signals is received over the air. A second signal is received from a coupler network of the active antenna system. The coupler network is configured to generate coupled signals of the test signals and combine the coupled signals into the second signal. Calibration information for compensating an influence of the coupler network is determined based on the first and second signals. An active antenna system is also disclosed for use in antenna calibration.

A signal sending method, a signal receiving method, and a device for signal transmission or receiving are provided. A part that is of a first signal and that is carried on a k.sup.th subcarrier in an i.sup.th subcarrier group in N subcarrier groups is x.sub.i,n.sub.id(k), and a sequence {s.sub.i,n.sub.id(k)} related to x.sub.i,n.sub.id(k) is one of enumerated sequences. The enumerated sequences are sequences with relatively good cross-correlation. Therefore, for two subcarrier groups, provided that selected {s.sub.i,n.sub.id(k)} is two of the enumerated sequences, cross-correlation between signals carried in the two subcarrier groups can be ensured to be relatively good, thereby reducing interference between the signals and improving channel estimation performance.

Apparatuses and methods for decoding a spreading code-encoded signal. The decoder decodes a spreading code-encoded signal by performing a synchronization search to determine a synchronization point. The synchronization point defines a time delay for aligning a spreading code, which was used to generate the spreading code-encoded signal, with the spreading code-encoded signal. The synchronization search includes obtaining candidate results, where each candidate result is a decoding attempt that applies a time delay for aligning the spreading code with the spreading code-encoded signal. The synchronization search also includes determining the synchronization point by identifying the time delay corresponding to the candidate result that is associated with a power measurement that satisfies a synchronization search criterion. A decoder code synchronization is performed to align the spreading code with the spreading code-encoded signal, using the synchronization point. The spreading code-encoded signal is decoded using the aligned spreading code.