The present disclosure generally relates to a multi-leaf collimator. The multi-leaf collimator may include a set of leaves installed in a cavity, each leaf of the set of leaves having a length along a first direction. At least a portion of the set of leaves may extend beyond the cavity along the first direction. The set of leaves may be arranged along a second direction, the second direction being different from the first direction. A length of a target leaf of the set of leaves may be less than a length of a reference leaf of the set of leaves. The target leaf may be located in an end portion of the set of leaves along the second direction. The length of the set of leaves may conform to the shape of a maximum therapeutic radiation field.

A system includes a computing system with a processor and computer readable storage medium with computer readable and executable instructions, including a radiation plan module, a radiation plan optimization module and a radiation plan visualization module. The processor is configured to execute the instructions, which causes the processor to construct and visually present, via a display monitor, a two-dimensional plot with three-dimensions of data from a radiation plan, and two dimensions along two axes of the plot and a third dimension represented through intensity.

The present disclosure relates a multi-leaf collimator. The multi-leaf collimator may include a plurality of leaf modules. Each leaf module of the plurality of leaf modules may include a leaf configured to shield a portion of beams emitted by a radiation source. The leaf may be movable along a guide rail of the multi-leaf collimator. Each leaf module may also include a drive mechanism including a first drive component and a second drive component. The first drive component and the second drive component may be both connected to the leaf. The first drive component and the second drive component may jointly actuate the leaf to move along the guide rail.

Systems and methods for shuttle mode radiation delivery are described herein. One method for radiation delivery comprises moving the patient platform through the patient treatment region multiple times during a treatment session. This may be referred to as patient platform or couch shuttling (i.e., couch shuttle mode). Another method for radiation delivery comprises moving the therapeutic radiation source jaw across a range of positions during a treatment session. The jaw may move across the same range of positions multiple times during a treatment session. This may be referred to as jaw shuttling (i.e., jaw shuttle mode). Some methods combine couch shuttle mode and jaw shuttle mode. Methods of dynamic or pipelined normalization are also described.

The invention provides a method and device for IMAT using orthogonal double layer multi leaves collimators. The method includes: discretizing the rotating arc into multiple equally spaced fields; using the conjugate gradient method to calculate the field intensity matrix; using the double-layer grating static segmentation algorithm to calculate the subfields of each field to obtain the first predetermined number of subfields with the largest contribution to the field of each field; selecting two subfields with similar shapes from the first predetermined number of subfields with the largest contribution, distributing them to the arc of rotation, and performing interpolation to obtain discrete subfields; calculating deposition Matrix; iterative calculation of the shape and weight of subfield; using Monte Carlo dose algorithm to calculate the intensity-modulated dose distribution.

The invention relates to a radiation therapy planning system 8 for planning a radiation therapy procedure. A quality reducing unit 11 reduces the quality of a higher quality ODM 51 to create a quality reduced ODM 52, and a treatment plan generating unit 12 generates a treatment plan by performing an optimization that includes a first optimization that independently optimizes for each leaf-pair 41 of an MLC 4 one or more leaf configurations such that the cumulative fluence of a radiation beam 3 shaped by the leaf configurations of the leaf-pair approximates a corresponding portion of the quality reduced ODM. A higher quality optimization procedure is later performed on the higher quality ODM based on a local search algorithm that is initialized with the generated treatment plan to generate a higher quality treatment plan. The invention replaces a critical step in the planning process with a deterministic, global algorithm.

Systems and methods are provided for single isocenter radiotherapy of multiple targets. Conformal arc information may be used in a Conformal Arc Informed Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (CAVMAT) method that includes single isocenter radiotherapy of multiple targets where conformal multi-leaf collimator (MLC) trajectories may be used as the starting point for limited inverse optimization. Single isocenter radiotherapy of multiple targets may provide flexibility with less complex MLC trajectories, and fully block between targets with the MLC.

A method of optimizing a radiotherapy treatment plan is disclosed, comprising the steps of: a. obtaining a deliverable input treatment plan; b. optimizing the deliverable input treatment plan to obtain an optimized treatment plan, using an objective function and at least one constraint, wherein i. the objective function is related to reducing the plan complexity in terms of minimizing the machine output (MU) and/or minimizing the time required to deliver the plan and/or maximizing the segment area, and/or minimizing jaggedness of the MLC shapes, ii. to ensure that the quality is maintained, the at least one constraint is based on the dose distribution of the input plan, related to maintaining an acceptable dose distribution.

Generating a plan for radiation treatment of multiple target volumes such as, for example, multiple brain tumors, involves optimizing a grouping of the target volumes into subsets and generating treatment plans for each subset. Resulting treatment plans may minimize radiation dose to tissues outside of the target volumes. A radiation treatment planning system may be configured to operate in this manner and to upload control signals which cause a radiation therapy device such as a linear accelerator to execute the radiation treatment plans.

Cost functions and cost function gradients for use in radiation treatment planning can be computed based on an approximation of an “isodose” surface. Where a clinical goal is expressed by reference to a threshold isodose surface, a corresponding cost function component can be defined directly by reference to that isodose surface, and a corresponding contribution to the cost function gradient can be approximated by identifying voxels that are intersected by the threshold isodose surface and approximating the gradient of the dose distribution within each such voxel.