A method for irradiation based on a fluence map includes determining a shield type of each row of a fluence map. The method also includes determining, for each of the two rows, a movement curve indicating a relationship between an irradiation dose in the each of the two rows and a moving position of a leaf pair corresponding to the each of the two rows. The method further includes determining an initial irradiation dose for each of the movement curves and synchronizing one of the movement curves based on the shield types of the two rows. The method also includes selecting at least one irradiation dose of at least one point on an irradiation dose axis and generating a control point according to the selected irradiation dose.

A system and method are provided for assessing a radiation therapy plan to be implemented on a particular radiation therapy system that includes a multi-leaf collimator (MLC). The method includes receiving a radiation therapy plan and calculating at least one metric indicating transmission characteristics of a beam delivered using the particular radiation therapy system to perform the radiation therapy plan using a model of the MLC having a plurality of zones, wherein each zone is classified based on the transmission characteristics. The method also includes evaluating the at least one metric against a tolerance for variation between the radiation therapy plan and an implementation of the radiation therapy plan on the particular radiation therapy system and generating an alert indicating that the at least one metric is outside the tolerance.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for adapting and/or updating radiotherapy treatment plans based on biological and/or physiological data and/or anatomical data extracted or calculated from imaging data acquired in real-time (e.g., during a treatment session). Functional imaging data acquired at the time of radiation treatment is used to modify a treatment plan and/or dose delivery instructions to provide a prescribed dose distribution to patient target regions. Also disclosed herein are methods for evaluating treatment plans based on imaging data acquired in real-time.

A multi-layer multi-leaf collimation system includes at least a two layers of collimation leaves. The first multi-leaf collimator layer is configured to primarily perform a first function to affect a radiation beam traveling from a radiation source to a target and a second multi-leaf collimator layer is configured to primarily perform a second function, different from the first function, to affect the radiation beam for the administration of a treatment plan.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for adjusting a multi-leaf collimator (MLC) in a treatment process according to a treatment plan or a portion thereof. The method may comprise: moving one or more leaves of a multi leaf collimator (MLC), and forming one or more closed leaf pairs in moving process, the moving including: obtaining an offset for each closed leaf pair of the one or more closed leaf pairs, wherein the offset is no larger than a predetermined threshold, and the predetermined threshold is determined in a treatment planning process that generates a radiation treatment plan; and causing the one or more closed leaf pairs to move based on one or more offsets corresponding to the one or more closed leaf pairs, before or during a implementation of the radiation treatment plan.

The disclosure provides systems and methods for adjusting a multi-leaf collimator (MLC). The MLC includes a plurality of cross-layer leaf pairs each of which includes a first leaf located in a first layer of leaves and a second leaf opposingly located in a second layer of leaves. For at least one cross-layer leaf pair, an effective cross-layer leaf gap to be formed between the first leaf and the second leaf may be determined; at least one of the first leaf or the second leaf may be caused to move to form the effective cross-layer leaf gap; and an in-layer leaf gap may be caused, based on the effective cross-layer leaf gap, to be formed between the first leaf and an opposing first leaf in the first layer. A size of the in-layer leaf gap may be no less than a threshold.

The invention relates to a dynamic sliding-window-like initialization for, for example, iterative VMAT algorithms. Specifically, a dynamic sliding window conversion method is contemplated where typical dynamic VMAT constraints are taken into account to find an optimal set of suitable openings (i.e. binary masks) that can be used as quasi-feasible start initialization for any VMAT algorithm that can refine until a deliverable plan is reached. Here, a multileaf leaf tip trajectory least square constrained optimization is performed to find a set of optimal unidirectional trajectories for all MLC leaf pairs of all arc points. To ensure that a quasi-feasible (or better quasi-deliverable) solution is returned, for example, a maximum dose rate, a maximum gantry speed, a maximum leafs speed, and a maximum treatment time may be enforced.

A method includes detecting a potential setup error in a radiation treatment delivery session of a radiation treatment delivery system, wherein the setup error corresponds to a change in a current position of a treatment target relative to a prior position of the treatment target, and wherein the change includes a rotation relative to the prior position of the treatment target. The method further includes modifying, by a processing device, one or more planned leaf positions of a multileaf collimator (MLC) of a linear accelerator (LINAC) of the radiation treatment delivery system to compensate for the potential setup error corresponding to the rotation of the prior position of the treatment target.

An example method includes: receiving, from a treatment planning process, information that is based on a dose distribution for an irradiation target; and performing at least one of the following operations: moving structures to trim spots of a particle beam so that the spots of the particle beam approximate pre-trimmed spots for which characteristics are obtained based on the information received; moving structures to produce a trimming curve for a layer of an irradiation target based on a specification of a trimming curve for the layer included in the information received; moving structures to produce a single trimming curve for all radiation fields of an irradiation target based on specifications of the single trimming curve included in the information received; or moving structures based on configuration information for the structures in the information received.

A method for irradiation based on a fluence map includes determining a shield type of each row of a fluence map. The method also includes determining, for each of the two rows, a movement curve indicating a relationship between an irradiation dose in the each of the two rows and a moving position of a leaf pair corresponding to the each of the two rows. The method further includes determining an initial irradiation dose for each of the movement curves and synchronizing one of the movement curves based on the shield types of the two rows. The method also includes selecting at least one irradiation dose of at least one point on an irradiation dose axis and generating a control point according to the selected irradiation dose.