A station for tomotactic-guided biopsy in prone includes a table with an aperture, and a tomosynthesis imaging system. A biopsy gun can be mounted on a stage arm assembly disposed below the table. The imaging system and stage arm assembly can be independently rotated and linearly repositioned in one or more dimensions, thereby allowing the tomotactic scan axis to be located relative to a breast being imaged.

Fractionation optimization receives inputs including a radiation dose distribution to be delivered by fractionated radiation therapy, maximum and minimum number of fractions, and Biologically Effective Dose (BED) constraints for one or more organs-at-risk. A two-dimensional (2D) graph is displayed of a parameter X equal to or proportional to (I) versus a parameter Y equal to or proportional to (II) where N is the number of fractions, D is a total radiation dose to be delivered by the fractionated radiation therapy, and d.sub.t is the fractional dose in fraction t. A constraint BED lines are displayed on the 2D graph depicting each BED constraint. A marker is displayed at a location on the 2D graph defined by a current fractionation and a current total dose. A new value for the current fractionation and/or the current total dose is received, and the marker is updated accordingly. Alternatively a second marker is displayed showing the new fractionation scheme along with its comparative advantages and disadvantages with respect to the current fractionation.

A radiation system may include a treatment assembly including a first radiation source, a second radiation source, and a first radiation detector. The first radiation source may be configured to deliver a treatment beam covering a treatment region of the radiation system, and the treatment region may be located in a bore of the radiation system. The second radiation source may be configured to deliver a first imaging beam covering a first imaging region of the radiation system, and may be mounted rotatably on a first side of the treatment assembly. The first radiation detector may be configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam, and may be mounted rotatably on a second side of the treatment assembly. The treatment assembly, the second radiation source, and the first radiation detector may be positioned such that the treatment region is addressable for the radiation system.

Systems and methods for quality control in image-guided radiotherapy are provided. In some aspects, a method includes acquiring treatment images from a patient using an imaging system, and performing a registration using the treatment images and simulation images acquired during a simulation process. The method also includes computing at least one similarity metric based on the registration performed, and determining a conformance of the at least one similarity metric to predetermined limits. The method further includes generating a report indicative of the conformance.

Systems and methods for radiation treatment planning can include a computing system determining an estimate of radiation dose distribution within an anatomical region of a patient, and determining a cost matrix representing an objective function, using the estimate of radiation dose distribution. The computing system can project the cost matrix on each of a plurality of fluence planes. Each of the plurality of fluence planes can be associated with a corresponding gantry-couch orientation of a plurality of gantry-couch orientations of a medical linear accelerator. The computing system can determine, using projections of the cost matrix on each of the plurality of fluence planes, a sequence of gantry-couch orientations among the plurality of gantry-couch orientations representing a treatment path.

A method for treatment of a tumor includes obtaining 3D imaging of the tumor; processing the 3D imaging of the tumor to obtain tumor morphology; determining a number of treatment sites, the locations of such sites, and the treatment dosage using a model of intratumoral treatment dynamics between vascular, intracellular, and extracellular space in order for the tumor to receive a therapeutic dosage at every location of the tumor; and treating the tumor at each of the determined treatment sites and with the determined treatment dosage. In some embodiments, the method further includes generating the model to include a plurality of interconnected volumes wherein each volume has one or more adjacent volumes with a shared boundary. One or more simulations of treatment over time may be conducted using the model, each simulation having a set of one or more initial parameters.

Provided is a simulation phantom including a simulated target volume and a simulated normal tissue encasing the simulated target volume, wherein the simulated target volume and a portion of the simulated normal tissue abutting the simulated target volume have a first characteristic to enable the simulation phantom to be imaged on a first imaging device, and the simulated target volume and the portion of the simulated normal tissue abutting the simulated target volume further have a second characteristic to enable the simulation phantom to be imaged on a second imaging device different from the first imaging device.

An example method of radiation therapy in a radiation therapy system that includes a gantry with a treatment-delivering X-ray source and an imaging X-ray source mounted thereon is described. The method includes rotating the gantry in a first direction at a first rotational velocity about an open bore and concurrently rotating an annular support structure at a second rotational velocity about the open bore, wherein the second rotational velocity is less than the first rotational velocity. While continuing to rotate the gantry in the first direction about the open bore from a first position to a treatment position, the method also includes generating multiple images of a target volume disposed in the bore using the imaging X-ray source. Upon rotating the gantry to the treatment position, the method includes initiating delivery of a treatment beam to the target volume with the treatment-delivering X-ray source.

Systems and methods for implementing an adaptive therapy workflow that minimizes time needed to create a session patient model, select an appropriate plan for the treatment session, and treat the patient.

A device and a process for performing high temporal- and spatial-resolution MR imaging of the anatomy of a patient during intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) to directly measure and control the highly conformal ionizing radiation dose delivered to the patient for the treatment of diseases caused by proliferative tissue disorders. This invention combines the technologies of open MRI, multileaf-collimator or compensating filter-based IMRT delivery, and cobalt teletherapy into a single co-registered and gantry mounted system.