Embodiments of methods of communications, communications devices, and redrivers are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method of communications involves enabling a Loss of Signal (LOS) detector and a Low Frequency Periodic Signaling (LFPS) detector connected to a communications channel, using a digital logic circuit, combining an output of the LOS detector and an output of the LFPS detector to generate a combined LFPS output, and outputting the combined LFPS output and the output of the LOS detector to control data communications through the communications channel.

Communication device for transmitting data to another communication device, the communication device comprising circuitry configured to obtain a truncation notification indicating that an ongoing transmission of a data unit is to be truncated; in response to the truncation notification, determine, based on the number of unprocessed modulation input bits of the data unit, a remaining bit length of a modulation input block, and perform padding to add a number of modulation padding bits corresponding to the determined remaining bit length of a modulation input block to the unprocessed modulation input bits to obtain a complete modulation input block; modulate the complete modulation input block to obtain a modulation output block; and transmit a transmit data stream containing the obtained modulation output block.

An apparatus for transmitting a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bootstrap generation unit for generating a bootstrap for signaling a system bandwidth field, corresponding to a system bandwidth for a post-bootstrap, and a baseband sampling rate coefficient; a preamble generation unit for generating a preamble located immediately following the bootstrap in a broadcast signal frame; and a payload generation unit for generating one or more subframes located immediately following the preamble in the broadcast signal frame.

An apparatus for transmitting broadcasting signal using transmitter identification scaled by 4-bit injection level code and method using the same are disclosed. An apparatus for transmitting broadcasting signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a waveform generator configured to generate a host broadcasting signal; a transmitter identification signal generator configured to generate a transmitter identification signal for identifying a transmitter, the transmitter identification signal scaled by an injection level code; and a combiner configured to inject the transmitter identification signal into the host broadcasting signal in a time domain so that the transmitter identification signal is transmitted synchronously with the host broadcasting signal.

A codeword synchronization method includes determining a candidate in a plurality of bits of a data sequence received by a receive end, and determining a synchronization position based on the candidate bit, where the synchronization position indicates a start position of a codeword in the data sequence.

A coding and modulation apparatus and method are presented. The apparatus (10) comprises an encoder (11) that encodes input data into cell words, and a modulator (12) that modulates said cell words into constellation values of a non-uniform constellation. The modulator (12) is configured to use, based on the total number M of constellation points of the constellation, the signal-to-noise ratio SNR in dB and the channel characteristics, a non-uniform constellation from a group of constellations comprising one or more of predetermined constellations defined by the constellation position vector u1 . . . v, wherein v=sqrt(M)/2−1.

An audio transmitter processor for generating an error protected frame using encoded audio data of an audio frame, the encoded audio data for the audio frame having a first amount of information units and a second amount of information units, has: a frame builder for building a codeword frame having a codeword raster, wherein the frame builder is configured to determine a border between a first amount of information units and a second amount of information units so that a starting information unit of the second amount of information units coincides with a codeword border; and an error protection coder to obtain a plurality of processed codewords representing the error protected frame.

Methods for an electronic device to communicate in a wireless local area network are provided in which information bits are encoded at the electronic device to provide a plurality of encoded bits. A first radio of the electronic device is used to transmit a first subset of the encoded bits over a first channel that is within a first frequency band, where the first subset of the encoded bits comprises less than all of the encoded bits. A second radio of the electronic device is used to transmit a second subset of the encoded bits over a second channel that is within a second frequency band.

A transmitting apparatus and a receiving apparatus are provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: an encoder configured to generate a low density parity check (LDPC) codeword by LDPC encoding based on a parity check matrix; an interleaver configured to interleave the LDPC codeword; and a modulator configured to map the interleaved LDPC codeword onto a modulation symbol, wherein the modulator is further configured to map a bit included in a predetermined bit group from among a plurality of bit groups constituting the LDPC codeword onto a predetermined bit of the modulation symbol.

Methods and systems for operation in a wireless communication system are provided. A first transmission may be initiated using at least a first portion of physical layer resources. A second transmission may be initiated using at least a second portion of the same physical layer resources. The first transmission may be any one of a puncturing transmission, interfering transmission, delay-sensitive transmission, or short transmission. The second transmission may be an on-going transmission or a long transmission.