The present disclosure relates to a secondary device comprising a first port receiving a clock signal from a first port of a primary device and a second port connected to a second port of the primary device. The clock signal determines, for each bit transmission, first, second, third and fourth successive phases. The secondary device puts its second port in a high impedance state during the first, second and fourth phases of each bit transmission. During the third phase of each transmission of a bit of data from the secondary device to the primary device, the secondary device discharges its second port when the transmitted bit has a first value and leaves its second port in a high impedance state when the transmitted bit has a second value.

In a packet processing method, concatenation processing is performed on other original packets other than a largest first packet in a plurality of original packets. Padding processing is performed on a concatenated packet only when a size of the concatenated packet is less than a size of a largest packet, without performing padding processing on each of the other original packets.

In a mobile communication system, an error detection code or a quality frame indicator (e.g., CRC) is generated using selectively frame information, and at least one of a WCA identifier of another terminal, and a corresponding terminal identifier. And the terminal identifier can be implicitly transmitted to the receiver.

This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems for amplitude shaping encoding, and specifically, for indicating boundaries in bitstreams encoded using amplitude shaping encoding. In some aspects, a transmitting device may insert, into an bitstream to indicate a boundary, a sequence of amplitude bits not associated with any patterns of bit values in a lookup table used for the encoding. In some other aspects, a transmitting device may monitor a length of the amplitude bits in a bitstream during the encoding and stop the encoding on information bits at an end of a current data unit responsive to the length reaching a threshold. In some other aspects, a transmitting device may monitor the length of the information bits and, for each data unit, determine whether a boundary is or would be reached. Responsive to determining that a boundary is or would be reached, the transmitting device may not include, before the boundary, any amplitude bits generated based on the information bits in the data unit, and instead add padding bits after a last amplitude bit before the boundary.

In a general aspect, a network transmission interface can include, within an egress data path, a physical coding sublayer (PCS) operating in a constant bitrate domain for transmitting data frames on a network link; a timestamp unit configured to insert timestamps in payloads of the frames; a transmission media access control (MAC) unit located at a boundary between the constant bitrate domain and a variable bitrate domain, configured to receive the frames at a variable bitrate, encapsulate the frames, and provide the encapsulated frames at a constant bitrate; a MAC layer security unit located downstream from the timestamp unit, configured to sign and optionally encrypt the payloads and expand each frame with a security tag and an integrity check value (ICV). The timestamp unit and the MAC layer security unit (26b) can both operate in the constant bitrate domain.

The present invention discloses a data transmission method having data reuse mechanism that includes the steps outlined below. A driver corresponding to a communication circuit is operated as a transmission terminal to analyze under-transmitted data to generate reuse setting information, indication information and packets having a complete packet and incomplete packets so as to be transmitted by the transmission terminal through a transmission interface to be received by the communication circuit as a receiving terminal. The receiving terminal identifies the complete packet and the incomplete packets according to the indication information. A data location that a reusable data section corresponds to is determined according to the reuse information. The complete packet is outputted. A non-reusable data section of each of the incomplete packets and the reusable data section of the complete packet are reconstructed to output reconstructed packets according to the data location.

A communication method between a master and a device, the master transmits in a subcycle a received condition message (RCM) for an immediately prior subcycle, wherein the RCM is an ACK when a transmission from the device in the preceding subcycle was correctly received and the RCM is a NACK when a transmission from the device in the preceding subcycle was not correctly received, comprising: including in each transmitted condition message a current priority data acknowledgement flag (CPDAF), the CPDAF being transmitted set in each condition message for each subcycle of an offset cycle after the master correctly received in a current cycle a priority data message, the offset cycle being defined as the second and subsequent subcycles of a current cycle and the first subcycle of a next cycle, the CPDAF being transmitted as cleared otherwise.

To include a frame reception unit to separate a frame received from one device into a relay sub-payload that is not addressed to a device of its own, and an own-device addressed sub-payload that is addressed to a device of its own, an error detection unit to perform error detection based on the error-detection code within the own-device addressed sub-payload, a relay sub-payload storage unit to store therein the relay sub-payload, a communication-start notification unit to notify a communication-start timing to start communication simultaneously with other devices, and a frame transmission unit to start transmitting to another device the frame including a preamble and the relay sub-payload upon being notified of the communication-start timing, when the frame is not being transmitted, and to add the relay sub-payload to an end of the frame being transmitted, so as to continue transmission of the frame, when the relay sub-payload is stored in the relay sub-payload storage unit while the frame is being transmitted.

Data-driven intelligent networking systems and methods are provided. The system can accommodate dynamic traffic while applying injection limits to different traffic classes at an ingress edge port. The system can maintain state information of individual packet flows, which can be set up or released dynamically based on injected data. Each flow can be provided with a flow-specific input queue upon arriving at a switch. Packets of a respective flow can be acknowledged after reaching the egress point of the network, and the acknowledgement packets can be sent back to the ingress point of the flow along the same data path. Furthermore, an edge switch can dynamically allocate the ingress port bandwidth among the traffic classes that are active at a given moment.

A method for receiving, by a first device, data from a second device. The first device receives modulation and coding related information and resource related information for a transport block with a size for the data, and receives second cyclic redundancy check (CRC) attached code blocks to which a first CRC attached transport block corresponding to the transport block is mapped. The first device obtains the transport block with the size from the second CRC attached code blocks based on the modulation and coding related information and resource related information. The modulation and coding related information and the resource related information represent the size of the transport block. The size of the transport block is one of a plurality of predetermined transport block sizes. The plurality of predetermined transport block sizes are predetermined such that all the second CRC attached code blocks have a same size as each other.