This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems for amplitude shaping encoding, and specifically, for indicating boundaries in bitstreams encoded using amplitude shaping encoding. In some aspects, a transmitting device may insert, into an bitstream to indicate a boundary, a sequence of amplitude bits not associated with any patterns of bit values in a lookup table used for the encoding. In some other aspects, a transmitting device may monitor a length of the amplitude bits in a bitstream during the encoding and stop the encoding on information bits at an end of a current data unit responsive to the length reaching a threshold. In some other aspects, a transmitting device may monitor the length of the information bits and, for each data unit, determine whether a boundary is or would be reached. Responsive to determining that a boundary is or would be reached, the transmitting device may not include, before the boundary, any amplitude bits generated based on the information bits in the data unit, and instead add padding bits after a last amplitude bit before the boundary.

A first electronic device according to various embodiments may select one of a plurality of representation matrices and one of a plurality of measurement matrices on the basis of a pattern and/or feature of data received from a sensor. The selection of the representation matrix and the measurement matrix may be performed on the basis of machine learning. Based on the selected representation matrix and measurement matrix, the first electronic device may adaptively compress at least a portion of the data. A second electronic device according to various embodiments may restore compressed data on the basis of the result of selecting the representation matrix and the measurement matrix. By dynamically selecting the representation matrix and the measurement matrix on the basis of machine learning, it is possible to reduce an error in the data restored by the second electronic device (e.g., a restoration error).

An apparatus and method for generating a broadcast signal frame corresponding to a time interleaver supporting a plurality of operation modes are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling time interleaver information corresponding to the time interleaver, the preamble includes a field indicating a start position of a first complete FEC block corresponding to each of physical layer pipes.

In a distribution matching circuit, output data of a plurality of LUTs forming a hierarchical tree structure sequentially designates a combination of signal point groups in a signal space managed by an LUT in an immediately lower level, and signal point information after distribution matching is output for each LUT in the lowermost level.

[Object] To provide a communication apparatus and a communication method which are capable of reducing the overhead of communication while suppressing influence on the frame reception process.

[Solution] Provided is a communication apparatus, including: a processing unit configured to select one of a frame of a first format including a training signal and a frame of a second format not including a first field which is at least a part of the training signal, and generate the frame of the selected format; and a communication unit configured to transmit the frame of the first format or the frame of the second format. Also provided is a communication method, including: selecting one of a frame of a first format including a training signal and a frame of a second format not including a first field which is at least a part of the training signal, and generating the frame of the selected format; and transmitting the frame of the first format or the frame of the second format.

Various additional and alternative aspects are described herein. In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method for wireless communication. The method includes determining content to include in an uplink control information (UCI) based on a portion of a subframe that includes the UCI. The method further includes transmitting the UCI in the portion of the subframe.

A communication apparatus includes: a PPDU generation circuit that sets a time equal to or greater than a total of a non-legacy STF, a non-legacy CEF, multiple non-legacy header fields, and multiple data fields as a nominal data field length, computes a nominal data octet size based on the nominal data field length, stores the nominal data octet size in a legacy header, and sets an Additional PPDU field in the legacy header to 0; a signal processing circuit that forms an A-PPDU in the nominal data field length or less; and a transmission circuit that transmits the A-PPDU.

This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems for encoding data for wireless communication to achieve a desired amplitude distribution. Some implementations more specifically relate to performing an encoding operation to shape the amplitudes of the resultant symbols such that the amplitudes have a non-uniform distribution. In some implementations of the non-uniform distribution, the probabilities associated with the respective amplitudes generally increase with decreasing amplitude. Some implementations enable the tracking of MPDU boundaries to facilitate successful decoding by a receiving device. Additionally or alternatively, some implementations enable the determination of a packet length after performing the amplitude shaping, which enables a transmitting device to determine the number of padding bits to add to the payload and to signal the packet length to a receiving device so that the receiving device may determine the duration of the packet.

A method of transmitting a block from a bridge to a mesh network includes transmitting the block to at least a first node of a plurality of nodes, for distribution through the mesh network. The block includes a plurality of packets. The bridge receives, from the plurality of nodes, a plurality of status packets. Each status packet indicates reception status of the plurality of packets at a respective node of the plurality of nodes. The bridge selects at least a first packet of the plurality of packets for retransmission to the mesh network, based on the status packets. The bridge generates a retransmission block including at least the first packet. The first packet is included in the retransmission block a number of times based on the status packets. The bridge transmits the retransmission block to at least the first node, for distribution of the retransmission block through the mesh network.

A preamble of physical layer (PHY) data unit includes a first legacy portion and a first non-legacy portion that follows the first legacy portion. The first non-legacy portion includes i) a first orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol that immediately follows the first legacy portion and that is modulated using binary phase shift keying (BPSK), and ii) a second OFDM symbol that immediately follows the first OFDM symbol and that is modulated using BPSK modulation rotated by 90 degrees (Q-BPSK). The modulation of the first and second OFDM symbols indicates to a receiver device that conforms to a first communication protocol that the data unit conforms to the first communication protocol. The first OFDM symbol being modulated using BPSK modulation causes a receiver device that conforms to a second communication protocol to determine that the PHY data unit conforms to a third communication protocol.