Faulted messages in 5G or 6G are generally discarded and a retransmission is then requested. However, the faulted message contains valuable information despite the few faulted message elements. Retransmission is a time-consuming energy-intensive process. Therefore, the present disclosure pertains to procedures for determining which specific message elements, of a corrupted message, are actually faulted. To do so, the receiver can determine a modulation quality of each message element by measuring a difference between the amplitude levels of the message element and the predetermined amplitude levels of the modulation scheme. For example, the modulation scheme may involve an I-branch and an orthogonal Q-branch, each with a different amplitude. The message quality may be related to the deviation of each branch amplitude from the closest predetermined amplitude level of the modulation scheme. A large amplitude deviation indicates a suspicious message element. Many other aspects are also disclosed.

A bandwidth allocation and monitoring method may divide available bandwidth on a shared communication medium into a plurality of discrete tones that can be individually allocated to modems on an as-needed basis. The effective modulation rate that a particular modem can use for each discrete tone can be monitored over time using a schedule of pilot tones transmitted from the modems on different tones at different times. The schedule may define representative pilot tones, in which case effective modulation rates for neighboring tones may be inferred from a determined effective modulation rate of a pilot tone.

A signal power tester in provided. The signal power tester includes at least one interface to communicatively couple the signal power tester unit to a front-haul communication link used for communicating front-haul data to a remote radio head (RRH) having one or more antenna ports. The signal power tester further comprises a programmable processor, coupled to the interface, configured to execute software, wherein the software is operable to cause the signal power tester to do the following: determine a representative segment indicative of a noise floor of a communication signal; determine whether the representative segment meets selected criterion; determine a translation factor for the representative segment; and measure power of the communication signal based on applying the translation factor.

This disclosure provides a method of operating a base station in a cellular telecommunications network, and a base station unit for implementing the method, the base station having a central base station unit and a distributed base station unit, wherein the central base station unit and distributed base station unit communicate over a fronthaul link having a first and second capacity configuration, and the cellular telecommunications network further includes a User Equipment (UE) consuming a service via the base station.

Provided is a PIM detection apparatus including: a tone signal input unit configured to apply a tone signal having a first frequency characteristic to a test target apparatus; a sequence signal input unit configured to apply a sequence signal having a second frequency characteristic to the test target apparatus; a PIM detector configured to receive a Passive Intermodulation (PIM) signal from the test target apparatus, and to detect a delay time and a size of the PIM signal based on the sequence signal; and a PIM position determiner configured to determine a PIM occurrence position by using the delay time and the size of the PIM signal.

A method and system for extracting values representative of modulation signal components from a modulated signal, the modulated signal containing a modulation signal, including developing a local clock signal which correlates in time to the modulated signal and includes a number of phase sectors per cycle and converting the modulated signal into a current that is representative of the signal and routing the current to the inverting input of an amplifier and charging one of a plurality of capacitive devices during each phase sector and sequentially connecting the capacitive devices between the output of the amplifier and the inverting input of the amplifier in non-overlapping sequences, the total of sequences being equal to one full cycle of the clock.

A method for receiving downlink signal and an apparatus therefor are disclosed. A method for enabling a user equipment (UE) to receive a downlink signal from an eNB including a plurality of antenna ports in a wireless communication system includes: receiving a precoded reference signal according to a precoded reference signal configuration for the plurality of antenna ports; measuring receive (Rx) power of the reference signal for each of the plurality of antenna ports; and reporting, to the eNB, at least one of Rx power values of the reference signal, measured for the plurality of antenna ports. The reference signal is for serving cell search of the UE and precoding is applied to the plurality of antenna ports through which the reference signal is transmitted.

Systems and methods are disclosed for detection of a selected signal pattern, such as a servo sector preamble, and for frequency offset determination. A circuit may be configured to divide a signal into detection windows of a selected size, and sample the signal a selected number of times within each detection window. The circuit may then determine an error value for each detection window based on values of the samples for each detection window, and determine the preamble is detected when a threshold number of most-recently sampled detection windows have error values below a threshold value. The circuit may then organize the sample values corresponding to the preamble into groups, and calculate phase estimates representing a phase at which the groups were sampled. The circuit may determine a frequency offset based on the phase estimates, and modulate the sampling frequency according to the frequency offset.

Various embodiments provide for systems and methods for signal conversion of one modulated signal to another modulated signal using demodulation and then re-modulation. According to some embodiments, a signal receiving system may comprise an I/Q demodulator that demodulates a first modulated signal to an in-phase (“I”) signal and a quadrature (“Q”) signal, an I/Q signal adjustor that adaptively adjusts the Q signal to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a transitory signal that is based on a second modulated signal, and an I/Q modulator that modulates the I signal and the adjusted Q signal to the second modulated signal. To increase the SNR, the Q signal may be adjusted based on a calculated error determined for the transitory signal during demodulation by a demodulator downstream from the I/Q modulator.

A method of wireless communication by a user equipment includes determining an allocation of a set of tones in a symbol for conveying data. The method further includes determining to use m-ary phase shift keying (MPSK) to modulate the data onto a subset of tones of the set of tones. The method further includes modulating the data onto the subset of tones based on a mapping, wherein the mapping maps pairs of data values with a largest Hamming distance from each other to pairs of constellation points with a maximum Euclidean distance from each other.