An example method for a radiation therapy system that includes a movable couch to perform radiation therapy has been disclosed. One method includes based on the X-ray images of an anatomical region of the patient that includes a target volume, reconstructing a digital volume of the anatomical region and based on a user input indicating a location of a patient origin in the digital volume, determining one or more shift values for repositioning the patient origin at an isocenter of the radiation therapy system with respect to a coordinate system. The method also includes obtaining a treatment plan that is based on the location of the patient origin and is associated with the target volume, based on the treatment plan, repositioning the movable couch so that the patient origin is disposed at the isocenter, and while the patient origin is disposed at the isocenter, directing a treatment beam to the patient origin in accordance with the treatment plan associated with the target volume.

Systems and methods for tracking a target volume, e.g., tumor, in real-time during radiation treatment are provided. The system includes a memory to store a pre-acquired 3D image of the anatomy of interest in a first reference frame and a processor, operative coupled with the memory, to receive, from an ultrasound probe, a set-up ultrasound image of the anatomy of interest in a second reference frame. The processor further to establish a transformation between the first and second reference frames by registering the set-up ultrasound image with the pre-acquired 3D image and receive, from the ultrasound probe, an intrafraction ultrasound image of the anatomy of interest. The processor further to register the intrafraction ultrasound image with the set-up ultrasound image and track motion of the anatomy of interest based on the registered intrafraction ultrasound image.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for monitoring calibration of positron emission tomography (PET) systems. In some variations, the systems include an imaging assembly having a gantry comprising a plurality of positron emission detectors. A housing may be coupled to the gantry, and the housing may include a bore and a radiation source holder spaced away from a patient scan region within the bore. A processor may be configured to receive positron emission data from the positron emission detectors and to distinguish the positron emission data from the radiation source holder and from the patient scan region. A fault signal may be generated when the positron emission data from the radiation source holder exceeds one or more threshold parameters or criteria.

Disclosed is a computer-implemented method which encompasses comparing the requirements for radiation therapy imposed by a patient's individual condition to the capabilities and requirements of different types of treatment machines to determine a suitable radiation treatment strategy including an identification of the treatment machine which shall be used and a treatment plan. Furthermore, a treatment plan is generated by simulating the envisaged radiation treatment. The type of treatment machine associated with a predetermined value for the sum of weights for all fields assigned to that treatment machine is determined as the treatment machine for treating the patient, and corresponding information is output detailing the treatment specifics such as radiation treatment parameters specifically suited for the patient target region tumor thereby reducing radiation exposure, efficient use of the machine and appropriate gating and tracking modes.

The disclosure provides a low-dose image reconstruction method and system based on prior anatomical structure difference. The method includes: determining the weights of different parts in the low-dose image based on prior information of anatomical structure differences; constructing a generative network being taking the low-dose image as input extract features, and integrating the weights of the different parts in the feature extraction process, outputting a predicted image; constructing a determining network being taking the predicted image and standard-dose image as input, to distinguish the authenticity of the predicted image and standard-dose image as the first optimization goal, and identifying different parts of the predicted image as the second optimization goal, collaboratively training the generative network and the determining network to obtain the mapping relationship between the low-dose image and the standard-dose image; and reconstructing the low-dose image by using the obtained mapping relationship. The disclosure can obtain more accurate high-definition images.

A device for immobilization of a patient body part for radiotherapy applications includes at least one flanged support member and at least one support member fixation means for mounting the at least one flanged support member to a fixation surface at a distance from said fixation surface. The at least one flanged support member is adapted to receive and retain a first and optionally a second frame. The curved extension is adapted to retain the first frame or the first frame and the second frame. The invention also relates to a system, a method and a kit.

A dual robot therapy system may be configured to provide a therapy beam (and/or an imaging beam) at each of multiple treatment beam angles that are selected from a much larger set of candidate beam angles than are possible with existing therapy delivery system.

Some embodiments are directed to an image director of a patient monitoring system to obtain calibration images of a calibration sheet or other calibration object at various orientations and locations. The images are then stored and processed to calculate camera parameters defining the location and orientation of the image detector and identifying internal characteristics of the image detector, and the information are stored. The patient monitoring system can be re-calibrated by using the image detector to obtain an additional image of a calibration sheet or calibration object. The additional image and the stored camera parameters are then used to detect any apparent change in the internal characteristics of the image detector (10)(S6-4).

A radiation system may include a treatment assembly including a first radiation source, a second radiation source, and a first radiation detector. The first radiation source may be configured to deliver a treatment beam covering a treatment region of the radiation system, and the treatment region may be located in a bore of the radiation system. The second radiation source may be configured to deliver a first imaging beam covering a first imaging region of the radiation system, and may be mounted rotatably on a first side of the treatment assembly. The first radiation detector may be configured to detect at least a portion of the first imaging beam, and may be mounted rotatably on a second side of the treatment assembly. The treatment assembly, the second radiation source, and the first radiation detector may be positioned such that the treatment region is addressable for the radiation system.

A radiation therapy system comprising a therapeutic radiation system (e.g., an MV X-ray source, and/or a linac) and a co-planar imaging system (e.g., a kV X-ray system) on a fast rotating ring gantry frame. The therapeutic radiation system and the imaging system are separated by a gantry angle, and the gantry frame may rotate in a direction such that the imaging system leads the MV system. The radiation sources of both the therapeutic and imaging radiation systems are each collimated by a dynamic multi-leaf collimator (DMLC) disposed in the beam path of the MV X-ray source and the kV X-ray source, respectively. In one variation, the imaging system identifies patient tumor(s) positions in real-time. The DMLC for the imaging radiation source limits the kV X-ray beam spread to the tumor(s) and/or immediate tumor regions, and helps to reduce irradiation of healthy tissue (e.g., reduce the dose-area product).