[Object] A wireless communication system capable of detecting propagation path modification from the outside and compensating for degradation of quality of communication between transmission and reception with respect to the propagation path modification is provided. A wireless communication system includes a transmitter that transmits electromagnetic waves in which a polarization direction rotates according to a signal in which data is loaded on a carrier, and a receiver that receives the electromagnetic waves and demodulates the data, in which the transmitter imparts angle information indicating a polarization direction for transferring the data to the signal, and sets a rotation frequency of the polarization direction to a frequency lower than a frequency of the carrier, and the receiver changes a polarization direction of the received electromagnetic waves, based on the angle information transferred by the electromagnetic waves. The receiver can detect propagation path modification from the outside using the angle information of the polarization direction, and compensate for degradation in quality of communication between transmission and reception by changing the polarization direction of the received electromagnetic waves when the modification is detected.

[Object] A wireless communication system capable of detecting propagation path modification from the outside and compensating for degradation of quality of communication between transmission and reception with respect to the propagation path modification is provided. A wireless communication system includes a transmitter that transmits electromagnetic waves in which a polarization direction rotates according to a signal in which data is loaded on a carrier, and a receiver that receives the electromagnetic waves and demodulates the data, in which the transmitter imparts angle information indicating a polarization direction for transferring the data to the signal, and sets a rotation frequency of the polarization direction to a frequency lower than a frequency of the carrier, and the receiver changes a polarization direction of the received electromagnetic waves, based on the angle information transferred by the electromagnetic waves. The receiver can detect propagation path modification from the outside using the angle information of the polarization direction, and compensate for degradation in quality of communication between transmission and reception by changing the polarization direction of the received electromagnetic waves when the modification is detected.

An apparatus for use by a communication network control element or function configured to conduct a radio resource management, the apparatus being configured to cause the apparatus at least: to acquire input parameters; to process the input parameters by using a first-stage procedure for maximizing a weighted sum-rate for a fixed subcarrier allocation for all subcarriers, and a second-stage procedure for determining a power allocation for a single subcarrier under consideration of specified multiplexing and interference cancellation constraints wherein a processing result output from the first-stage procedure is input into the second-stage procedure, and a processing result output from the second-stage procedure is returned to the first-stage procedure; and to output, on the basis of results of the processing in the first-stage procedure and the second-stage procedure, a power setting for at least one subcarrier.

A method by which a terminal performs a multi-dimensional modulation (MM)-based non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communication can comprise the steps of: receiving, from a base station, control information indicating a terminal specific codebook for a terminal in a predefined codebook set for an MM-based encoder; and receiving a downlink data channel from the base station on the basis of the indicated terminal specific codebook, or performing MM-based encoding on the basis of the indicated terminal specific codebook and then transmitting an uplink data channel.

One embodiment is directed to a method comprising deciding to multiplex the data of at least two users within a super-constellation; determining the power split ratio among the at least two users; selecting a super-constellation; and based on the determined power split ratio, choosing a subset of the super-constellation points forming the superposition of modulation constellations of the at least two users.

One embodiment is directed to a method comprising deciding to multiplex the data of at least two users within a super-constellation; determining the power split ratio among the at least two users; selecting a super-constellation; and based on the determined power split ratio, choosing a subset of the super-constellation points forming the superposition of modulation constellations of the at least two users.

Communicating polarization-dependent information over a free space channel may include separating a data signal carrying data into a first signal and a second signal each carrying a portion of the data of the data signal, modulating a first carrier signal with the first signal and a second carrier signal with the second signal, radiating the modulated first signal with a first polarization as a polarized first signal over a free space channel, radiating the modulated second signal with a second polarization as a polarized second signal over the free space channel, demodulating the polarized first signal and the polarized second signal, and combining the demodulated first signal with the demodulated second signal to provide an output signal carrying the data of the data signal.

Communicating polarization-dependent information over a free space channel may include separating a data signal carrying data into a first signal and a second signal each carrying a portion of the data of the data signal, modulating a first carrier signal with the first signal and a second carrier signal with the second signal, radiating the modulated first signal with a first polarization as a polarized first signal over a free space channel, radiating the modulated second signal with a second polarization as a polarized second signal over the free space channel, demodulating the polarized first signal and the polarized second signal, and combining the demodulated first signal with the demodulated second signal to provide an output signal carrying the data of the data signal.

A communications system has a transmitter circuit for transmitting a communications signal. The transmitter receives a plurality of input data streams and applies an orthogonal function to each of the plurality of input data streams. The transmitter groups the input streams having the orthogonal function applied thereto into a plurality of groups. The orthogonal functions applied to the plurality of input data streams do not repeat within the plurality of groups to limit interference between the input data streams within the group. The transmitter applies a different wavelength to each of the plurality of groups input data streams. The different wavelengths limit interference between the plurality of groups of input data streams. The transmitter applies a positive polarization and a negative polarization to each of the plurality of groups of input data having a different wavelength applied thereto. The positive and the negative polarizations are applied to a pair of groups having a same wavelength applied thereto limit interference between the pair of groups. The transmitter transmits the plurality of input of data streams over a plurality of channels on a communications link as the communications signal. Each of the plurality of channels has a unique combination of orthogonal function, wavelength and polarization associated therewith.

A Random Access method in a telecommunication system, includes the steps of: receiving two or more identical preambles transmitted from two or more User Equipments (UEs), respectively; determining a minimum difference between the two or more identical preambles in a given domain; transmitting a response message to each of the two or more UEs; and receiving a connection setup message using information included in the respective response messages transmitted to each of the two or more UEs.