A grand master device (GM) (10) and a slave device (S1) (20) are connected via a general-purpose hub (HUB) (30) whose relay delay is not constant. The grand master device (GM) (10), at a timing for transmitting a Sync frame for time synchronization, acquires current time as transmission time of the Sync frame, acquires a count value of a master counter as a transmission count value, stores the transmission time and the transmission count value in the Sync frame, and transmits the Sync frame. The slave device (S1) (20) receives the Sync frame, acquires reception time of the Sync frame and a reception count value which is a count value of a slave counter at the reception time, and corrects time of the slave device (S1) (20), using the transmission time, the transmission count value, the reception time and the reception count value.

Disclosed herein is a system (10) for transmitting a data stream (12). The system (10) is configured to receive the data stream (12). The data stream (12) carries a plurality of orders that are destined for a market (24) configured for electronic trading. The system (10) is configured to transmit the data stream (12) carrying the plurality of orders. The system (10) is configured to process at least the plurality of orders (12) to determine trading risk information (14) indicative of trading risk. The system (10) is configured to determine if the trading risk indicated by the trading risk information (14) satisfies a trading risk condition (16). The system (10) is configured to cease transmitting the data stream (12) carrying the plurality of orders if the trading risk condition is determined to be satisfied and commenced transmitting another data stream (18) destined for the electronic market. Also disclosed herein is a method for transmitting a data stream (12).

A method for data communication includes determining that a downlink receiver is not receiving downlink data from a movable object based on a state of the downlink receiver, generating first synchronization information in response to determining that the downlink receiver is not receiving the downlink data from the movable object, transmitting uplink data to the movable object, and generating second synchronization information in response to completion of uplink data transmission. The first synchronization information is provided to the downlink receiver to prevent operation of the downlink receiver, and the second synchronization information is provided to the downlink receiver to allow operation of the downlink receiver.

A display device including: a timing controller outputting a reference clock signal and a data packet, wherein the data, packet includes a clock signal embedded in a data signal; a clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit receiving the reference clock signal and the data packet; and a display panel displaying an image based on the data packet, wherein, when the CDR circuit receives the reference clock signal, a frequency band of the reference clock signal is detected using a first internal clock signal, a parameter associated with jitter characteristics of the clock and data recovery circuit is adjusted according to the detected frequency band, and a second internal clock signal is output by adjusting a frequency of the first internal clock signal and when the CDR circuit receives the data packet, the data signal and a clock signal synchronized with the data signal are recovered from the data packet.

A memory system in which a timing drift that would occur in distribution of a first timing signal for data transport in a memory device is determined by measuring the actual phase delays occurring in a second timing signal that has a frequency lower than that of the first timing signal and is distributed in one or more circuits mimicking the drift characteristics of at least a portion of distribution of the first timing signal. The actual phase delays are determined in the memory device and provided to a memory controller so that the phases of the timing signals used for data transport may be adjusted based on the determined timing drift.

A wireless transmission device includes a repetition coding unit that prepares a basic waveform having a length less than a frequency conversion length that is used in a wireless reception device, generates a repetition waveform having a length greater than or equal to the frequency conversion length by repeating the basic waveform a plurality of times, and generates a data frame including the repetition waveform and a known signal.

Techniques are described for accurate tracking of a radiofrequency (RF) carrier for amplitude-modulated signals in unstable reference clock environments. For example, some embodiments operate in context of clock circuits in devices configured for near-field communication (NFC) card emulation (CE) mode. The clock circuits seek to generate an internal clocking signal by tracking a clock reference, such as an RF carrier. In some cases, the clock reference can unpredictably become unreliable for periods of time, during which continued tracking of the unreliable clock reference can yield appreciable frequency and phase errors in the generated internal clocking signal. Embodiments implement phase delta detection with time limiting to limit the magnitude of such errors in the internal clocking signal introduced while tracking an unreliable clock reference. For example, embodiments force gating of phase tracking signals to limit their duration, thereby limiting impacts of those phase tracking signals on the clock circuit output.

In an embodiment, a receiver included in a communications system includes a channel extractor configured to segregate a received signal into a plurality of channel signals, wherein the plurality of channel signals includes a plurality of data signals; and a plurality of decoders electrically coupled to the channel extractor and configured to decode each of the plurality of channel signals into a respective plurality of decoded data beam portions.

The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, random access signals including preamble sequences transmitted from a user equipment (UE) may be detected during a plurality of observation periods. A temporary timing advance (TA) value may be determined based on a preamble sequence of a random access signal having greater signal strength among the plurality of random access signals detected in the plurality of observation periods. A final TA value may be acquired based on the temporary TA value according to a result of comparison between the strengths of the random access signals received in the plurality of observation periods and a preset threshold value. A random access response signal including the final TA value may be transmitted to the UE.

A communication system includes: a plurality of sensor terminals each including a clock indicating an individual time and configured to detect sensing information related to a user and information detection time at which the sensing information has been detected; a management terminal configured to retain a reference time and adapted to communicate with the plurality of sensor terminals; and a relationship analysis unit configured to analyze a relationship among the users of the plurality of sensor terminals, in which the management terminal acquires the sensing information and the information detection time from each of the plurality of sensor terminals and corrects the information detection time acquired from each of the plurality of sensor terminals based on a lag between the individual time acquired from the corresponding sensor terminal and the reference time, and the relationship analysis unit analyzes the relationship using the sensing information and the corrected information detection time.