A volumetric radiation dose detector provides radiation sensors distributed along a closed surface presenting surface normals that vary over a range of azimuth and altitude angles to provide accurate dose modeling for radiation received at a comparable range of angles. Concentric layers of surfaces provide volumetric dose information that can be used to directly produce useful dose maps and assessments.

Described herein is a medical linear accelerator including an accelerator target structure constructed of a material having a thickness of less than 0.2 radiation lengths, and an accelerator structure to receive an electromagnetic wave and generate an output therapy dose rate of electrons having a beam energy between 4-25 mega-electronvolts (MeV).

A method comprises identifying a treatment planning image of a target subject, the treatment planning image comprising information associated with an arrangement of structures within the target subject. The method further comprises generating, based on the information, a set of reference data associated with the target subject, the reference data indicating a plurality of positions of the target subject. The method further comprises generating target-subject-specific models based on the reference data and modifying one or more hyper-parameters of the target-subject-specific mode to generate second target-subject-specific models corresponding to a second position of the plurality of positions. The method further comprises controlling a radiation treatment delivery device based on the second target-subject-specific model to deliver a radiation treatment to the target subject.

A method comprises inputting a treatment planning image of a target subject into a machine learning system. The method further comprises determining, by the machine learning system, a first target-subject-specific model of the treatment planning image. The method further comprises applying, by a processing device, the first target-subject-specific model to the treatment planning image to generate a transformed treatment planning image corresponding to a first position of a plurality of positions of the target subject. The method further comprises comparing the transformed treatment planning image to a reference image. The method further comprises, based on the comparing, modifying one or more parameters of the first target-subject-specific model to generate a second target-subject-specific model corresponding to a second position of the plurality of positions. The method further comprises controlling a treatment device based on the second target-subject-specific model to deliver a treatment to the target subject.

A radiosurgical method for treating cardiorenal disease of a patient, the method including directing radiosurgery radiation from outside the patient towards one or more target treatment regions encompassing sympathetic ganglia of the patient so as to inhibit the cardiorenal disease. In an exemplary embodiment, the method further includes acquiring three dimensional planning image data encompassing the first and second renal arteries, planning an ionizing radiation treatment of first and second target regions using the three dimensional planning image data so as to mitigate the hypertension, the first and second target regions encompassing neural tissue of or proximate to the first and second renal arteries, respectively, and remodeling the target regions by directing the planned radiation from outside the body toward the target regions.

Method and systems are disclosed for radiating a moving target inside a heart. The method includes acquiring sequential volumetric representations of an area of the heart and defining a target tissue region and/or a radiation sensitive structure region in 3D for a first of the representations. The target tissue region and/or radiation sensitive structure region are identified for another of the representations by an analysis of the area of the heart from the first representation and the other representation. Radiation beams to the target tissue region are fired in response to the identified target tissue region and/or radiation sensitive structure region from the other representation.

A method and apparatus for manipulation of a respiratory model via adjustment of parameters associated with model images is described. The method includes identifying one of more images of a plurality of images that are used with a previously generated model associated with a position and motion of a targeted region of a patient to receive radiation treatment. The method also includes generating, by a processing device, a new model to be associated with the position and motion of the targeted region based on a selection that is associated with one of the one or more images of the plurality of images, wherein the new model is a relationship between a series of internal features and external marker positions. The method further includes delivering radiation to the targeted region based on the new model.

A method of image-guided radiation treatment is described. The method may include acquiring a pre-treatment image of a patient and generating a first set of image data of part or all of the patient using imaging radiation at a first energy level and a second set of image data of part or all of the patient using imaging radiation at a second energy level. The method may also include processing the first and second sets of image data to generate an enhanced image, wherein the enhanced image comprises a combination of the first and second sets of image data, and wherein part or all of the image data comprises the target. The method may also include registering the enhanced image with the pre-treatment image to obtain a registration result and tracking movement and position of the target using the registration result to generate tracking information.

A method of and apparatus for operating a radiation treatment delivery system. The method includes generating, by a processing device, a set of instructions for a volumetric imager based on a set of directionalities for a radiation beam of a linear accelerator (LINAC) to avoid a collision between the volumetric imager and the LINAC, wherein the set of instructions comprises physical locations of the volumetric imager and timing values corresponding to the physical locations. The method further includes operating the volumetric imager during the radiation treatment delivery according to the set of instructions.

Systems and methods for radiation therapy. The methods comprise: acquiring an image of a treatment area using a Robotic Sculpted Beam Radiation Treatment System (RCBRTS); presenting, by a Mobile Computing Platform (MCP), the image in a GUI; creating a Real-Time Beam Sculpting Treatment Plan (RTBSTP) for the patient based on user inputs to MCP via GUI; verifying an expected effectiveness of RTBSTP using a virtual measurement component of GUI (where the virtual measurement component simultaneously provides distance measurements and radiation dose deposition measurements associated with the patient's anatomy and RTBSTP); verifying the final treatment plan using cross sectional 3D view and/or AR view; programming RCBRTS such that radiation therapy delivery will be provided in accordance with RTBSTP; setting RCBRTS so part of it will be inserted into a cavity formed during a medical procedure; and/or performing operations by RCBRTS to apply radiation to the patient.