An apparatus and method is disclosed for segment routing (SR) over label distribution protocol (LDP). In one embodiment, the method includes a node receiving a packet with an attached segment ID. In response, the node may attach a label to the packet. Thereafter, the node may forward the packet with the attached label and segment ID to another node via a label switched path (LSP).

Systems, methods, and devices for improved routing operations in a network computing environment. A system includes a virtual customer edge router and a host routed overlay comprising a plurality of host virtual machines. The system includes a routed uplink from the virtual customer edge router to one or more of the plurality of leaf nodes. The system is such that the virtual customer edge router is configured to provide localized integrated routing and bridging (IRB) service for the plurality of host virtual machines of the host routed overlay.

In one aspect, a computerized method of an application routing service includes the step of using a deep-packet inspection (DPI) technique on a first network flow to identify an applications The method includes the step of storing an Internet-protocol (IP) address and a port number used by the application and an identity of the application in a databases The method includes the step of detecting a second network flow. The method includes the step of identifying the IP address and the port number of the application in the second network flow. The method includes the step of looking up the IP address and the port number in the database. The method includes the step of identifying the application based on the IP address and the port number.

Systems and methods are disclosed herein that relate to obtaining and using Packet Detection Rules (PDRs) in a cellular communications system operating as virtual Ethernet bridge based on Ethernet forwarding information. In one embodiment, a method performed by a User Plane Function (UPF) for enabling a cellular communications system to operate as a virtual Ethernet bridge comprises obtaining a PDR for a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session in a downlink direction in the cellular communications system. The PDU session is associated with an egress Ethernet port of the virtual Ethernet bridge for the downlink direction, the PDR maps Ethernet packets received at the UPF on an ingress Ethernet port(s) of the virtual Ethernet bridge to the PDU session associated with the egress Ethernet port of the virtual Ethernet bridge, and the PDR is derived from an Ethernet packet forwarding rule of the virtual Ethernet bridge.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of communication technology, and disclose a resource acquisition method, including: receiving a user input event from a first browser on a client; acquiring an event result triggered at a second browser by the user input event, where the second browser runs on the server for the WebVPN; acquiring, using the second browser, resources from a source station according to the event result; and feeding back the resources to the client, to present the resources at the first browser. Embodiments of the present disclosure further disclose a proxy server for a WebVPN, a resource acquisition system, and a server.

The present invention discloses methods and systems for communicating at a cellular router between a first wireless communication module and a first subscriber identity module (SIM). The cellular router receives a first request from a first wireless communication module and encapsulates the first request in a first modified request. The cellular router then sends the first modified request to a first SIM card in a first communication apparatus and waits for a first modified reply. While waiting for the first modified reply the cellular router sends at least one halt message to the first wireless communication module after a first time threshold. After receiving the first modified reply, the cellular router decapsulates the first modified reply to retrieve a first reply and sends the first reply to the first wireless communication module where the first modified reply is a reply to the first modified request.

A method (1200) by a network node (160, 160c) includes determining (1202) a plurality of Time Sensitive Communication, TSC, or Time Sensitive Networking, TSN, domains (12) that exist in a network. The network node instantiates (1204) at least one virtual bridge (14), wherein each virtual bridge serves at least one TSC and/or TSN domain.

A method for establishing time-sensitive communication from at least one end device in an industrial plant into an Ethernet network with extended functionality for time-sensitive communication includes obtaining a first information model of the at least one end device, obtaining a second information model of the Ethernet network; determining first configuration information; determining second configuration information; transmitting the first configuration information to the at least one end device; and transmitting the second configuration information to the at least one network device.

Some embodiments provide a method of replicating messages for a logical network. At a particular tunnel endpoint in a particular datacenter, the method receives a message to be replicated to members of a replication group. The method replicates the message to a set of tunnel endpoints of the replication group located in a same segment of the particular datacenter as the particular tunnel endpoint. The method replicates the message to a first set of proxy endpoints of the replication group, each of which is located in a different segment of the particular datacenter and for replicating the message to tunnel endpoints located in its respective segment of the particular datacenter. The method replicates the message to a second set of proxy endpoints of the replication group, each of which is located in a different datacenter and for replicating the message to tunnel endpoints located in its respective datacenter.

Systems and methods associated with a node in a Segment Routing network include, responsive to what services are support at a node in a Segment Routing network, creating a bitmap to represent the plurality of services supported at the node; and transmitting an advertisement with the bitmap such that the advertisement is a single advertisement of multiple services. This approach can reduce the advertisement of rout updates by orders of magnitude.