A method of tunneling management traffic includes receiving at a managed system a control feature from a proxy-managed system that is connected to the managed system, determining that the proxy-managed system is not visible to a management system, providing the control feature to the management system in response to determining that the proxy-managed system is not visible, receiving a modification to the control feature from the management system, and providing, from the managed system, the modification to the control feature to the proxy-managed system in response to receiving the modification to the control feature from the management system.

The present invention discloses a method and an apparatus for establishing a link between virtualized network functions. The method includes obtaining an internet protocol (IP) address of a connection point (CP) of a first virtualized network function (VNF) and identification information of the CP. The method also includes determining identification information of a second VNF corresponding to the identification information of the CP of the first VNF, sending the IP address of the CP of the first VNF and the identification information of the CP to the second VNF corresponding to the identification information of the second VNF. Additionally, the method includes starting a link connection establishment process between a CP of the second VNF and the CP of the first VNF.

The present invention discloses a method and an apparatus for establishing a link between virtualized network functions. The method includes obtaining an internet protocol (IP) address of a connection point (CP) of a first virtualized network function (VNF) and identification information of the CP. The method also includes determining identification information of a second VNF corresponding to the identification information of the CP of the first VNF, sending the IP address of the CP of the first VNF and the identification information of the CP to the second VNF corresponding to the identification information of the second VNF. Additionally, the method includes starting a link connection establishment process between a CP of the second VNF and the CP of the first VNF.

The present disclosure generally relates to a first network device in a primary region that can failover network traffic into a second network device in a failover region. The first network device can receive routing criteria identifying how traffic originating in the primary region should be routed. The first network device can transmit this routing criteria to the second network device in the failover region. Based on determining the occurrence of a failover event, the first network device may transmit network traffic originating in the primary region to the second network device in the failover region. The second network device can determine how to route the network traffic based on the routing criteria of the primary region. In some embodiments, the second network device can determine how to route the network traffic based on the routing criteria of the failover region.

Techniques and architecture are described for providing broadcast/multicast support using VXLAN in and among private on-premises/cloud networks and public cloud networks by defining peer groups comprising VXLAN tunnel endpoints (VTEPs) within clustered network security devices. For example, a static peer group comprising two or more virtual extensible local access network (VXLAN) tunnel end points (VTEPs) is defined. The two or more VTEPs may each comprise a data interface of a network security device. Based at least in part on the static peer group, an overlay network comprising the two or more VTEPs is defined. A network security device discovers available VTEPs within the static peer group. The network security device establishes a mesh network of available VTEPs.

Domain name system (DNS) configuration during virtual private network (VPN) connection includes transmitting, to a VPN entry server, from a client device, via a VPN tunnel between the VPN entry server and the client device, a first request for first content, wherein the first request identifies a first external source for the first content, and wherein a first DNS server is configured as an operative DNS server for the VPN tunnel, and receiving, by the client device, from the VPN entry server, via the VPN tunnel, the first content, wherein the VPN entry server obtained the first content from the first VPN system exit server identified by the VPN entry server using a second DNS server as the operative DNS server for the VPN tunnel, and the first VPN system exit server obtained the first content from the first external source.

In one embodiment, a time period is identified in which probe packets are to be sent along a path in a network based on predicted user traffic along the path. The probe packets are then sent during the identified time period along the path. Conditions of the network path are monitored during the time period. The rate at which the packets are sent during the time period is dynamically adjusted based on the monitored conditions. Results of the monitored conditions are collected, to determine an available bandwidth limit along the path.

Domain name system (DNS) configuration during virtual private network (VPN) connection includes establishing a VPN tunnel between a client device and a VPN system entry server, which includes configuring a first DNS server as an operative DNS server for the VPN tunnel, and obtaining first content by transmitting to the VPN entry server, a first request that identifies a first external source for the first content, receiving from the VPN entry server a DNS configuration message indicating a second DNS server, configuring the second DNS server as the operative DNS server, and receiving from the VPN entry server, via the VPN tunnel, the first content, wherein the VPN entry server obtained the first content from the first VPN system exit server identified by the VPN entry server using the second DNS server, and the first VPN system exit server obtained the first content from the first external source.

The invention relates to a data transmission system for a data exchange between a field bus system that comprises at least one field device, and device access software that is installed on a host and by means of which components of the field bus system can be accessed. The data transmission system comprises a coupler device that is connected to the field bus system, and a generic communication driver, which is integrated in the device access software. In addition, at least one device driver is integrated in the device access software. The data transmission system further comprises a central data transmission path, which can be built between the generic communication driver and the coupler device, and via which primary data traffic can be transmitted. The generic communication driver is configured to exchange data with at least one of the device drivers that is integrated in the device access software, and to transmit data received from the at least one device driver as part of the primary data traffic to the coupler device via the central data transmission path, and to forward data of the primary data traffic received by the coupler device via the central data transmission path to the respective device driver for which the data are intended. The coupler device is configured to convert the primary data traffic received from the generic communication driver via the central data transmission path into secondary data traffic while adding routing information and to send it to the field bus system, and to convert data received from at least one of the field devices to the primary data traffic, and to transmit it to the generic communication driver via the central data transmission path.

A communication connection apparatus controls connection of a communication line between a first and second communication devices comprising: a first connection port for the first communication device, including a first transmission unit through which a signal from the first communication device passes and a first reception unit through which a signal for the first communication device passes; a second connection port for the second communication device, including a second transmission unit through which a signal from the second communication device passes and a second reception unit through which a signal for the second communication device passes; a first connection line connecting the first transmission unit and the second reception unit; and a simulated-signal input unit that inputs a first signal to the first reception unit. On the first signal being input to the first reception unit, the first reception unit and the second transmission unit are physically disconnected.