A radiotherapy apparatus includes a rotating gantry rotatable about a central axis and a multi-energy imaging device. The multi-energy imaging device includes an imaging source and an imager. The imaging source is configured to generate X-rays of at least two energy levels and emit X-rays of at least one energy level in the X-rays of at least two energy levels, so that the X-rays of at least one energy level pass through a site to be treated of a patient. The X-ray of at least one energy level is configured to meet imaging requirements of the site to be treated. The imager is configured to receive the X-rays of at least one energy level that pass through the site to be treated, and to generate X-ray images of at least one energy level of the site to be treated according to the X-rays of at least one energy level. The imaging source and the imager are arranged opposite to each other on the rotating gantry.

An ultrasound probe includes an ultrasound probe housing and one or more ultrasound transducers disposed in the ultrasound probe housing. A dosimeter or ionizing radiation detector is disposed in or attached to the ultrasound probe housing. An alarm device receives radiation dose or radiation exposure data acquired by the dosimeter or ionizing radiation detector. The alarm device includes an electronic processor programmed to detect excessive radiation dose or radiation exposure received by the ultrasound probe based on the radiation dose or radiation exposure data acquired by the dosimeter or ionizing radiation detector, and output an alarm warning of the detection of excessive radiation dose or radiation exposure received by the ultrasound probe. In some embodiments, the dosimeter is a one-time use dosimeter that is not resettable.

A radiation monitor 1 includes a light-emitting unit 10 which generates light having an intensity depending on an amount of an incident radiation, an optical fiber 20 which sends a photon generated by the light-emitting unit 10, a photoelectric converter 30 which transmits one electric pulse to one sent photon, a dose calculation device 40 which counts the electric pulse amplified by the photoelectric converter 30 and converts the counted value of the measured electric pulses into a dose of the radiation, and a display device 50. The dose calculation device 40 counts the electric signals converted from the photon by the photoelectric converter 30 to calculate a counting rate, and stops the counting when the counting rate exceeds a predetermined threshold, and performs counting when the counting rate is less than the threshold.

Information that describes a target inside a patient to be treated with radiation is accessed from computer system memory. An arrangement of spots inside the target is determined. Each the spots corresponds to a location inside the target where a respective beam of radiation is to be directed during radiation treatment of the patient. A dose rate for each of the beams is determined. The dose rate for each beam is a dose delivered in less than one second to a spot corresponding to that beam. For example, each beam can deliver at least four grays (GY) in less than one second, and may deliver as much as 20 Gy to 50 Gy or 100 Gy or more in less than one second. A radiation treatment plan, that includes the arrangement of the spots and the dose rate for each of the beams, is stored in computer system memory.

Systems and methods provide radiotherapy treatment by focusing an electron beam on an x-ray target (e.g., a tungsten plate) to produce a high-yield x-ray output with improved field shaping. A modified electron beam spatial distribution is employed to scan the x-ray target, such as a 2D periodic beam path, which advantageously lowers the x-ray target temperature compared to the typical compact beam spatial distribution. As a result, the x-ray target can produce a high yield output without sacrificing the x-ray target life span. The use of a 2D periodic beam path allows a much colder x-ray target functioning regime such that more dosage can be applied in a short period of time compared to existing techniques.

Methods and systems for determination of flow parameters of administered fluid from a radioembolization delivery device may include translationally moving a device delivery arm of the radioembolization delivery device in a translational direction, wherein the device delivery arm is coupled to a syringe holder such that move in the translational direction one of proximally or distally advances the syringe holder; sensing, via one or more pattern sensors, a corresponding movement of a pattern associated with the translational device delivery arm movement as a sensed pattern movement; generating, via the one or more pattern sensors, one or more output signals based on the sensed pattern movement; and generating, via a processor, a flow rate of the administered fluid, a flow amount of the administered fluid, and/or the translational direction of movement of the device delivery arm with respect to the syringe holder based on the one or more

A computing system comprising a central processing unit (CPU), and memory coupled to the CPU and having stored therein instructions that, when executed by the computing system, cause the computing system to execute operations to generate a radiation treatment plan. The operations include accessing a minimum prescribed dose to be delivered into and across the target, determining a number of beams and directions of the beams, and determining a beam energy for each of the beams, wherein the number of beams, the directions of the beams, and the beam energy for each of the beams are determined such that the entire target receives the minimum prescribed dose. The operations further include prescribing a dose rate and optimizing dose rate constraints for FLASH therapy, and displaying a dose rate map of the FLASH therapy.

A system and method for injecting an electron beam to an accelerator are provided. The system may include a cathode, an anode, and a modulation electrode. The cathode, for generating the electron beam, may have a first electrical potential. The anode may have a second electrical potential. The modulation electrode, located between the cathode and the anode, may be configured to adjust at least one parameter of the electron beam. The at least one parameter of the electron beam may include at least one transverse parameter of the electron beam.

An apparatus comprising a radiation source, coincident positron emission detectors configured to detect coincident positron annihilation emissions originating within a coordinate system, and a controller coupled to the radiation source and the coincident position emission detectors, the controller configured to identify coincident positron annihilation emission paths intersecting one or more volumes in the coordinate system and align the radiation source along an identified coincident positron annihilation emission path.

A radiation therapy system comprises a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system combined with an irradiation system, which can include one or more linear accelerators (linacs) that can emit respective radiation beams suitable for radiation therapy. The MRI system includes a split magnet system, comprising first and second main magnets separated by gap. A gantry is positioned in the gap between the main MRI magnets and supports the linac(s) of the irradiation system. The gantry is rotatable independently of the MRI system and can angularly reposition the linac(s). Shielding can also be provided in the form of magnetic and/or RF shielding. Magnetic shielding can be provided for shielding the linac(s) from the magnetic field generated by the MRI magnets. RF shielding can be provided for shielding the MRI system from RF radiation from the linac.