The present document relates to providing a radiation treatment plan for treatment of a neoplasm, including the steps of: obtaining an image including the neoplasm and obtaining first segmentation data for segmenting at least one target-volume to be targeted with radiation. Further identifying any organs-at-risk and segmenting these. The method further comprises identifying lymphocyte-rich-organs in the image, and obtaining third segmentation data for segmenting the lymphocyte- rich-organs. The planning system then obtains radiation dose regime data, including first, second and third dose regime data. The planning system then determines a radiation treatment plan which provides treatment process parameters for operating one or more radiation beams for radiation treatment of the neoplasm, The process parameters are determined to apply the radiation at a first radiation dose to the target volume which corresponds with the first dose regime data, apply the radiation at a minimized second radiation dose to the or each organs-at-risk, and apply the

Systems and methods are disclosed for monitoring anatomic position of a human subject for a radiotherapy treatment session, based on use of a regression model trained to estimate movement of a region of interest based on 2D image data input. Example operations for movement estimation include: obtaining 3D image data for a subject, which provides a reference volume and at least one defined region of interest; obtaining 2D image data corresponding to the subject, captured in real time (during the radiotherapy treatment session); extracting features from the 2D image data; analyzing the extracted features with a machine learning regression model, trained to estimate a spatial transformation in the three dimensions of the reference volume; and outputting and using a relative motion estimation of the at least one region of interest, produced from the machine learning regression model, the relative motion estimation being estimated from the extracted features.

Presented systems and methods enable efficient and effective radiation treatment planning and treatment, including accurate and convenient transmission of the radiation towards a tissue target. In one embodiment, a radiation system includes a particle source, a bremsstrahlung target, and a pinhole collimator. The particle source is configured to produce a particle beam (e.g., an electron beam, etc.). The bremsstrahlung target is configured to receive the particle beam and generate a photon radiation beam. The received particle beam and generated photon radiation beam can correspond to an inflected image. The inflected image can be associated with a tumor/tissue target. The pinhole collimator is configured to receive the photon radiation beam in a pattern that corresponds to the inflected image, invert the photon radiation beam pattern, and forward the results towards a tissue target.

A method of sequential monoscopic tracking is described. The method includes generating a plurality of projections of an internal target region within a body of a patient, the plurality of projections comprising projection data about a position of an internal target region of the patient. The method further includes generating external positional data about external motion of the body of the patient using one or more external sensors. The method further includes generating, by a processing device, a correlation model between the projection data and the external positional data by fitting the plurality of projections of the internal target region to the external positional data. The method further includes estimating the position of the internal target region at a later time using the correlation model.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for guiding the delivery of therapeutic radiation using incomplete or partial images acquired during a treatment session. A partial image does not have enough information to determine the location of a target region due to, for example, poor or low contrast and/or low SNR. The radiation fluence calculation methods described herein do not require knowledge or calculation of the target location, and yet may help to provide real-time image guided radiation therapy using arbitrarily low SNR images.

The present invention provides a radioactive patch comprising a layer of a mixture of a radionuclide with a nonreactive adhesive agent coated thereon in the form of a tape, and a laminating layer, wherein the patch comprises, a high Z shielding layer placed on the opposing side of the patch away from the patient tissue, and comprising at least one of: lead, tungsten, iron, silver, gold, platinum, copper, brass; and wherein the patch comprises, a low Z shielding layer comprising at least one of: teflon, pma, pvc, lucite, boron carbide, graphite, carbon fiber, bakelite; and wherein the radionuclide comprises at least one of: Y-90, Ho-166, LU-166, I-125, PD-103, LU-166, or any combination thereof.

An apparatus comprising a radiation source, coincident positron omission detectors configured to detect coincident positron annihilation emissions originating within a coordinate system, and a controller coupled to the radiation source and the coincident positron emission detectors, the controller configured to identify coincident positron annihilation emission paths intersecting one or more volumes in the coordinate system and align the radiation source along an identified coincident positron annihilation emission path.

Presented systems and methods facilitate efficient and effective generation and delivery of radiation. In one embodiment, a radiation generation component includes a high intensity target that produces Bremsstrahlung radiation in response to impacts by charged particles, wherein the high intensity target is configured with operating limitations based primarily on catastrophic failure mechanisms rather than fatigue failure mechanisms. The high intensity target is configured to be compatible with a loading system of a radiation generation system. The high intensity target can have a catastrophic failure strain percentage in the range of 0.5 to 4.0 percent. The catastrophic failure mechanisms can include at least one selected from the group comprising ultimate tensile strength, fracture strain, and melting point. The high intensity target can have a product life in a low cycle fatigue regime range. The high intensity target can comprise a material with a melting temperature in the range of 800 C to 3,700 C. The high intensity target can be configured to load in an accelerator enclosure. The high intensity target can include an identification feature. Th e Bremsstrahlung radiation can correspond to average dose rates greater than 1.0 greys per second (Gy/s).

A phantom, calibration system and calibration method are described. The phantom having a phantom body and an X-ray luminescent material, wherein at least a portion of the X-ray luminescent material is on a surface of the phantom.

A radio therapy system includes a first x-ray source. The first x-ray source is configured to produce first x-ray photons in a first energy range suitable for imaging and project the first x-ray photons onto an area designated for imaging. The system includes a second x-ray source configured to produce second x-ray photons in a second energy range higher energy than the first energy range, produce third x-ray photons in a third energy range higher energy than the first energy range, project the second x-ray photons onto the area designated for imaging, and project the third x-ray photons onto an area designated for treatment. The system includes an analytical portion configured to collect and combine data to create a composite output including at least one image, the combining based in part on a spectral analysis.