A signal generation method is used in a transmission device that transmits a plurality of transmission signals from a plurality of antennas at the same frequency and at the same time, in the case where larger power change is performed on a first transmission signal than on a second transmission signal during generation process of the first transmission signal and the second transmission signal, the first transmission signal and the second transmission signal are mapped before the power change such that a minimum Euclidian distance between possible signal points for the first signal is longer than a minimum Euclidian distance between possible signal points for the second signal.

Apparatus, methods, and computer-readable media for facilitating UE indication of null tone placement for demodulation are disclosed herein. An example method for wireless communication at a UE includes measuring one or more downlink transmissions in one or more frequency subcarriers received from a base station over a time period. The example method also includes transmitting, to the base station, a null tone indication indicating one or more locations for one or more null tones, the one or more locations for the one or more null tones based at least in part on measurements performed on the one or more downlink transmissions received over the time period.

Apparatus, methods, and computer-readable media for facilitating UE indication of null tone placement for demodulation are disclosed herein. An example method for wireless communication at a UE includes measuring one or more downlink transmissions in one or more frequency subcarriers received from a base station over a time period. The example method also includes transmitting, to the base station, a null tone indication indicating one or more locations for one or more null tones, the one or more locations for the one or more null tones based at least in part on measurements performed on the one or more downlink transmissions received over the time period.

A method and device for estimating a carrier frequency offset, and a computer-readable storage medium are provided. The method includes: determining a target area where a phase discrimination signal is located, wherein the target area is one of N numbers of candidate areas, the N numbers of candidate areas correspond to different value ranges, an union range of the N numbers of candidate areas is [π, −π], and N≥2; determining a first estimation value of a direct current component corresponding to the phase discrimination signal based on the target area; and performing a carrier frequency offset compensation on the phase discrimination signal based on the first estimation value of the direct current component.

A method and device for estimating a carrier frequency offset, and a computer-readable storage medium are provided. The method includes: determining a target area where a phase discrimination signal is located, wherein the target area is one of N numbers of candidate areas, the N numbers of candidate areas correspond to different value ranges, an union range of the N numbers of candidate areas is [π, −π], and N≥2; determining a first estimation value of a direct current component corresponding to the phase discrimination signal based on the target area; and performing a carrier frequency offset compensation on the phase discrimination signal based on the first estimation value of the direct current component.

A vehicle control apparatus is mounted on a vehicle to perform wireless communication with a portable terminal. The vehicle control apparatus includes a first processor configured to execute a first process including a determination process that determines whether or not a received signal, which is a wireless signal received by an antenna mounted on the vehicle and encoded, is a regular wireless signal transmitted from the portable terminal by determining whether or not a counted number of short bits sandwiched by two long bits adjacent to each other in the received signal is an even number.

A vehicle control apparatus is mounted on a vehicle to perform wireless communication with a portable terminal. The vehicle control apparatus includes a first processor configured to execute a first process including a determination process that determines whether or not a received signal, which is a wireless signal received by an antenna mounted on the vehicle and encoded, is a regular wireless signal transmitted from the portable terminal by determining whether or not a counted number of short bits sandwiched by two long bits adjacent to each other in the received signal is an even number.

In a transmission circuit, a first pulse signal with a first frequency and a second pulse signal with a second frequency are output according to a rising edge and a falling edge of a first input signal, respectively. When a second input signal indicates an active level, the second pulse signal is output according to the falling edge of the first input signal and the second frequency is changed to a third frequency. In a reception circuit, a first level of a first output signal is changed to a second level according to a first induced signal via a transformer, the second level of the first output signal is changed to the first level according to a second induced signal via the transformer, and a second output signal is changed to an active level when a frequency of the second induced signal has changed to the third frequency.

In a transmission circuit, a first pulse signal with a first frequency and a second pulse signal with a second frequency are output according to a rising edge and a falling edge of a first input signal, respectively. When a second input signal indicates an active level, the second pulse signal is output according to the falling edge of the first input signal and the second frequency is changed to a third frequency. In a reception circuit, a first level of a first output signal is changed to a second level according to a first induced signal via a transformer, the second level of the first output signal is changed to the first level according to a second induced signal via the transformer, and a second output signal is changed to an active level when a frequency of the second induced signal has changed to the third frequency.

A communication system comprises at least a base station device and a terminal device. The terminal device transmits a demodulation reference signal associated with a physical channel, receives a configuration of comb of the demodulation reference signal, and transmits the demodulation reference signal mapped based on the configuration of comb. The base station device transmits a configuration of comb of a demodulation reference signal related to a physical channel.