Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A first wireless device may identify a set of data resource elements for transmitting data in one or more symbols periods. The first wireless device may generate, for the one or more symbol periods based on the set of data resource elements, a sequence of a set of pilot resource elements associated with the set of data resource elements, the sequence of the set of pilot resource elements including a demodulation reference signal. The first wireless device may transmit, to a second wireless device in the one or more symbol periods, the set of data resource elements and the set of pilot resource elements. The second wireless device may decode a first subset of the set of pilot resource elements based on a second subset of the set of pilot resource elements to determine the demodulation reference signal.

Systems and methods for classifying radio frequency signal modulations include receiving, at a consolidated neural network, a complex quadrature vector of interest representative of a baseband signal derived from a radio frequency signal, generating multiple data representations of the vector of interest, providing each data representation to one of multiple parallel neural networks in the consolidated neural network, and receiving, from the consolidated neural network, a classification result for the baseband signal. The consolidated neural network may be trained to classify baseband signals with respect to known modulation types by receiving complex quadrature training vectors, each including samples of a baseband signal derived from a radio frequency signal of known modulation type, comparing a classification result for the training vector to the known modulation type to determine modulation classification performance, and modifying a configuration parameter of the consolidated neural network dependent on the determined modulation classification performance.

A communication chip includes an input port, a gain circuit, a correction circuit having a phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit and a return terminal, a post-processing circuit, and a switching circuit. The gain circuit includes an input terminal and a quadrature modulation circuit that operates according to a reference clock. The gain circuit gains a signal from the input terminal according to a bias voltage and outputs a gained signal. The PLL circuit generates a correction signal through synchronization according to the reference clock. The post-processing circuit obtains an input signal strength according to a correction table and a signal from a receiving terminal of the post-processing circuit. The switching circuit couples the correction signal to the input terminal and the gained signal to the return terminal in test mode and couples the input port to the input terminal and the gained signal to the receiving terminal in an operating mode.

A communication chip includes an input port, a gain circuit, a correction circuit having a phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit and a return terminal, a post-processing circuit, and a switching circuit. The gain circuit includes an input terminal and a quadrature modulation circuit that operates according to a reference clock. The gain circuit gains a signal from the input terminal according to a bias voltage and outputs a gained signal. The PLL circuit generates a correction signal through synchronization according to the reference clock. The post-processing circuit obtains an input signal strength according to a correction table and a signal from a receiving terminal of the post-processing circuit. The switching circuit couples the correction signal to the input terminal and the gained signal to the return terminal in test mode and couples the input port to the input terminal and the gained signal to the receiving terminal in an operating mode.

The present invention provides a phase shift keying modulation method and a corresponding modulator, a phase shift keying demodulation method and a corresponding demodulator. The phase shift keying modulation method comprises: mapping a binary data stream to be modulated into a phase sequence comprising one or more phase symbols according to a predetermined phase shift keying modulation mode; modulating the phase symbol with a preset phase function to obtain a phase signal that changes continuously with time, wherein in each symbol cycle, a difference between a value of the phase signal at a beginning of the symbol cycle and a value of the phase signal at an end of the symbol cycle is equal to the phase symbol modulated in the symbol cycle; and obtaining a radio frequency signal by modulation based on the phase signal.

The present invention provides a phase shift keying modulation method and a corresponding modulator, a phase shift keying demodulation method and a corresponding demodulator. The phase shift keying modulation method comprises: mapping a binary data stream to be modulated into a phase sequence comprising one or more phase symbols according to a predetermined phase shift keying modulation mode; modulating the phase symbol with a preset phase function to obtain a phase signal that changes continuously with time, wherein in each symbol cycle, a difference between a value of the phase signal at a beginning of the symbol cycle and a value of the phase signal at an end of the symbol cycle is equal to the phase symbol modulated in the symbol cycle; and obtaining a radio frequency signal by modulation based on the phase signal.

The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for configuring a resource for the transmission/reception of data. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for configuring an MCS and a TBS for an MTC terminal. Particularly, provided is a method and apparatus for determining a TBS by an MTC terminal. The method may include receiving scheduling information transmitted based on an MCS used for the MTC terminal and a TBS table and determining a TBS using the scheduling information provided by a base station.

A communication method includes generating a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) including a preamble, where the preamble includes a legacy physical layer preamble and a new physical layer preamble, wherein the new physical layer preamble includes a repeated field that has a preset out-of-order relationship with a preset field of the legacy physical layer preamble in frequency domain. The communication method further includes sending the PPDU.

Disclosed in the present application are a backscatter transmitter and a signal transmission method, relating to the field of mobile communication. The backscatter transmitter comprises a processor, a receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna, and a keying switch; the processor is used for controlling the connection path between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna by means of controlling the keying switch; the receiving antenna is used for receiving a first radio frequency signal; the connection path is used for modulating the phase of the first radio frequency signal to obtain a modulated second radio frequency signal; and the transmitting antenna is used for transmitting the second radio frequency signal. Thus, provided is a novel backscatter transmitter that does not require the arrangement of a mixer and is capable of implementing modulation of the phase of a radio frequency signal by means of only the connection path between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna; the structure is simple, the implementation principles are simple, and there is no need for excessive power consumption. The processor can adjust the connection path between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna by means of controlling the keying switch, being highly flexible.

Disclosed in the present application are a backscatter transmitter and a signal transmission method, relating to the field of mobile communication. The backscatter transmitter comprises a processor, a receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna, and a keying switch; the processor is used for controlling the connection path between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna by means of controlling the keying switch; the receiving antenna is used for receiving a first radio frequency signal; the connection path is used for modulating the phase of the first radio frequency signal to obtain a modulated second radio frequency signal; and the transmitting antenna is used for transmitting the second radio frequency signal. Thus, provided is a novel backscatter transmitter that does not require the arrangement of a mixer and is capable of implementing modulation of the phase of a radio frequency signal by means of only the connection path between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna; the structure is simple, the implementation principles are simple, and there is no need for excessive power consumption. The processor can adjust the connection path between the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna by means of controlling the keying switch, being highly flexible.