Materials and methods for enhancing the effectiveness of proton radiation therapy (e.g., high linear energy transfer (LET) proton radiation therapy) against tumor cells are provided herein.

Apparatuses and methods described herein relate to treating cancerous tumors using radiation therapy and chemotherapy. In some embodiments, a method of treatment includes administering radiation therapy targeting a tumor, isolating a segment of a vessel proximate to the tumor, and administering a dose of a chemotherapeutic agent to the segment of the vessel. The method can further include waiting a period of time after administering the radiation therapy before administering the dose of the chemotherapeutic agent. In some embodiments, a catheter device including first and second occluding elements can be used to isolate the segment of the vessel.

The invention provides therapeutic methods and kits for treating brain metastases using a particular dosing regimen of the organonitro compound ABDNAZ, radiation therapy, and optionally an additional anti-cancer agent.

The disclosure relates to methods for treating tumors. In particular, the disclosure relates to a method of treating a tumor by magnetic resonance image-guided radiation therapy in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising the steps of: (i) administering an efficient amount of high-Z element containing nanoparticles having, contrast enhancement for magnetic resonance imaging and/or radiosensitizing properties for radiation therapy, in a subject in need thereof, and, (ii) exposing said subject to magnetic resonance image-guided radiation therapy by means of a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Guided Linear Accelerator (MR-Linac),
wherein said high-Z element containing nanoparticles are nanoparticles containing an element with an atomic Z number higher than 40, preferably higher than 50, and said nanoparticles have a mean hydrodynamic diameter below 20 nm, for example between 1 and 10 nm, preferably between 2 and 8 nm.

The dose and regimen of the sensitizer of the present invention which is effective for anticancer therapy for tumors and the schedule of the anticancer therapy, such as radiotherapy and anticancer chemotherapy, which is effective after administration of the sensitizer, are still unclear. The present inventors have demonstrated that the sensitizer for anticancer therapy, which is prepared by combining a specific range of concentration of H.sub.2O.sub.2 with a specific range of concentration of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof in a specific amount, in a specific procedure, can be injected into the the affected tumor site to improve the effect of anticancer therapy such as radiation therapy and anticancer chemotherapy, thereby solving the above problems.

Disclosed is a method for increasing susceptibility of cancer cells to ionizing radiation by delivering to the cells a radiosensitizing agent that has one of the following properties: (a) it perturbs the process of chromosome segregation thereby increasing chromosome missegregation; or (b) it is an inhibitor of an agent that promotes faithful chromosome segregation induces numeric chromosome instability in said cells and this instability is induced substantially simultaneously with or closely prior to or closely after irradiating the cells. Examples of such radiosensitizing agent include inhibitors of one or more of the following: Kif2b, MCAK, MPS1, Eg5/Kinesin-5 5, Polo-like kinase 4, MCAK, Bub1 and Hec1. Such agents specifically target proteins involved in maintaining or promoting faithful chromosome segregation.

Methods for treating tumors by administering FLASH radiation and a therapeutic agent to a patient with cancer are disclosed. The methods provide the dual benefits of anti-tumor efficacy plus normal tissue protection when combining therapeutic agents with FLASH radiation to treat cancer patients. The methods described herein also allow for the classification of patients into groups for receiving optimized radiation treatment in combination with a therapeutic agent based on patient-specific biomarker signatures. Also provided are radiation treatment planning methods and systems incorporating FLASH radiation and therapeutic agents.

The present invention relates to the treatment of cancer by irradiation by high energy photons, wherein the cancer has been infused with a heavy metal. The invention further relates to the use of pair-production for increased cancer cell destruction.

This patent application relates to the treatment of cancer and other diseases that have a CD47+ phenotype. Treatment involves the use of radiation and a CD47-binding agent, preferably a CD47-binding form of human signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) that inhibits activation of the CD47/SIRPa axis and mediates phagocytosis of CD47+ disease cells. An anti-cancer effect of a CD47 blocking agent is enhanced when combined with radiation therapy. The anti-cancer effect of a CD47 blocking agent such as SIRPaFc is enhanced when combined with radiation therapy.

An implantable device has a body that is substantially rigid and has an imageable shape. The body is further bioabsorbable and may contain permanent metallic elements to aid in its imaging. When the device is implanted in a resected cavity in soft tissue, it can cause the cavity to conform substantially to a known imageable shape. The implantable device is further imageable due to its attenuation properties being different from those of soft tissue such that the boundaries of the tissue corresponding to the predetermined shape can be determined.