A control apparatus executes configuration processing that includes applying filters for blocking input and output of a test packet to ports associated with the packet forwarding devices, except for one or more ports on an assumed forwarding route in a section targeted for a forwarding status determination and configuring the packet forwarding device located at an end port of the section so that the test packet that arrives at the end port is forwarded to the control apparatus, executes communication processing that includes transmitting the test packet from the communication circuit to a start port of the section, and executes determination processing that includes determining that packet forwarding is performed normally in the section, upon receipt of the test packet via the communication circuit after the transmission of the test packet.

An apparatus, systems, methods, and the like, for autonomous scaling of Internet services, such as scaling Internet access speeds, provided by a communications network to one or more connected networks is provided. The service-providing network may include one or more virtual interface devices through which the connected network or device may access the Internet. The connected networks may utilize these virtual devices to communicate with the broader Internet to exchange data. For example, the connected networks may be associated with a common access point to the service providing network, such as an on-net building or other common location that utilizes the same device or devices to access the network to receive services from the network. In some implementations, the virtual network access devices may be instantiated on one or more network computing devices, such as an application server or other configurable computing and networking device.

An apparatus, systems, methods, and the like, for autonomous scaling of Internet services, such as scaling Internet access speeds, provided by a communications network to one or more connected networks is provided. The service-providing network may include one or more virtual interface devices through which the connected network or device may access the Internet. The connected networks may utilize these virtual devices to communicate with the broader Internet to exchange data. For example, the connected networks may be associated with a common access point to the service providing network, such as an on-net building or other common location that utilizes the same device or devices to access the network to receive services from the network. In some implementations, the virtual network access devices may be instantiated on one or more network computing devices, such as an application server or other configurable computing and networking device.

Novel tools and techniques are provided for implementing routing of network traffic across one or more network nodes or utilization of the one or more network nodes based on one or more demand classifications and/or based on detection of a trigger event associated with the one or more demand classifications. In some embodiment, a computing system might monitor network traffic across one or more network nodes or utilization of the one or more network nodes, the network traffic being routed based on a first demand classification. The computing system might determine whether at least one trigger event associated with a second demand classification has occurred. If so, the computing system might adjust the routing of the network traffic across the one or more network nodes or adjust the utilization of the one or more network nodes, based at least in part on the second demand classification.

Novel tools and techniques are provided for implementing routing of network traffic across one or more network nodes or utilization of the one or more network nodes based on one or more demand classifications and/or based on detection of a trigger event associated with the one or more demand classifications. In some embodiment, a computing system might monitor network traffic across one or more network nodes or utilization of the one or more network nodes, the network traffic being routed based on a first demand classification. The computing system might determine whether at least one trigger event associated with a second demand classification has occurred. If so, the computing system might adjust the routing of the network traffic across the one or more network nodes or adjust the utilization of the one or more network nodes, based at least in part on the second demand classification.

In a method for data communication between a control unit and a drive system, the control unit and the drive system are connected to one another, preferably via a bus, in such a manner that data is transmitted by a telegram. The telegram includes an instruction which can be configured for recording and includes an identifier. At least one actual value, preferably a plurality of actual values, and/or of an actual value sequence, preferably a plurality of actual value sequences, of the drive system, are recorded through the instruction for recording, and at least one defined actual value from a plurality of actual values and/or recording at least one defined actual value sequence from a plurality of actual value sequences can be recorded through the identifier.

In a method for data communication between a control unit and a drive system, the control unit and the drive system are connected to one another, preferably via a bus, in such a manner that data is transmitted by a telegram. The telegram includes an instruction which can be configured for recording and includes an identifier. At least one actual value, preferably a plurality of actual values, and/or of an actual value sequence, preferably a plurality of actual value sequences, of the drive system, are recorded through the instruction for recording, and at least one defined actual value from a plurality of actual values and/or recording at least one defined actual value sequence from a plurality of actual value sequences can be recorded through the identifier.

Provided are a method and device for analyzing a data stream. According to the method, one of a plurality of sampling periods having a same sampling duration and different start times is allocated to an audio and video stream. A first arrival data packet of the audio and video stream within the allocated sampling period is copied as a first sample data packet based on a sample stream entry. A last arrival data packet of the audio and video stream within the allocated sampling period is copied as a second sample data packet. A sender delay and a receiver delay of the audio and video stream are calculated based on respective timestamps of the first and second sample data packets. A jitter of the audio and video stream is analyzed based on the sender delay and the receiver delay.

Provided are a method and device for analyzing a data stream. According to the method, one of a plurality of sampling periods having a same sampling duration and different start times is allocated to an audio and video stream. A first arrival data packet of the audio and video stream within the allocated sampling period is copied as a first sample data packet based on a sample stream entry. A last arrival data packet of the audio and video stream within the allocated sampling period is copied as a second sample data packet. A sender delay and a receiver delay of the audio and video stream are calculated based on respective timestamps of the first and second sample data packets. A jitter of the audio and video stream is analyzed based on the sender delay and the receiver delay.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, determining a coherence block for each user equipment (UE) of a plurality of UEs being served by the first cell, resulting in a plurality of coherence blocks, responsive to the determining, identifying a smallest coherence block from the plurality of coherence blocks, identifying a pilot sequence length based on the smallest coherence block, determining a plurality of orthogonal pilot sequences based on the identifying the pilot sequence length, designating, from the plurality of orthogonal pilot sequences, a first group of orthogonal pilot sequences for use in the first cell, and distributing, to each neighboring cell of a plurality of neighboring cells adjacent to the first cell, a respective group of orthogonal pilot sequences from a remainder of the plurality of orthogonal pilot sequences, to prevent pilot contamination between the first cell and the plurality of neighboring cells. Other embodiments are disclosed.