An in-situ flow detection method. When determining a transmission delay in a detection domain in a first in-situ flow detection period, a first network node may color a plurality of packets in a first service flow that are received by the first network node through a first inbound interface and determine the delay in the detection domain in the first in-situ flow detection period based on the plurality of colored packets, thereby improving the precision of the detected transmission delay in the detection domain.

An in-situ flow detection method. When determining a transmission delay in a detection domain in a first in-situ flow detection period, a first network node may color a plurality of packets in a first service flow that are received by the first network node through a first inbound interface and determine the delay in the detection domain in the first in-situ flow detection period based on the plurality of colored packets, thereby improving the precision of the detected transmission delay in the detection domain.

This application provides an extended reality data transmission method and an apparatus. The method includes: determining that a data type is extended reality data; determining, based on the data type, to obtain, based on delay information and transmission error information, extended reality quality indicator XQI information corresponding to a target rate, where the XQI information indicates transmission quality of the extended reality data; and performing communication based on the XQI information.

A packet processing method, a network node, and a system includes obtaining, by a first network node, a first packet that includes a segment list, where the segment list includes a segment identifier of a network node on a path used to forward the first packet, obtaining, by the first network node, a segment identifier of a second network node from the segment list, where the second network node is a next-hop segment node of the first network node on the path, replacing, by the first network node, a destination address of the first packet with the segment identifier of the second network node, and adding a network performance parameter of the first network node to the segment list to generate a second packet, and sending, by the first network node, the second packet to the second network node.

The field of the disclosure is the transfer of digital data, particularly multimedia data, from a source to a user of that data using multiple data carrying paths/links/channels.

The field of the disclosure is the transfer of digital data, particularly multimedia data, from a source to a user of that data using multiple data carrying paths/links/channels.

A slice manager associated with a network access point of a telecommunication network can manage combinations of network slices and bandwidth parts for user equipment (UE). The bandwidth parts can have independently set numerologies, such as subcarrier spacing values. The UE can be configured to use one or more active bandwidth parts at a time, such that the slice manager can instruct the UE to use multiple active bandwidth parts simultaneously with respect to the same network slice or multiple network slices.

Methods and systems are provided for cooperating routers in communication networks. The cooperating routers conduct a handshake to exchange information with respect to “cooperation types” which they are capable of performing and/or are configured to perform. In an exemplary “emergency connection” cooperation type, one cooperating router may use the ISP connection of another cooperating router to send and receive packets. In an exemplary “bandwidth sharing” cooperation type, one cooperating router may make excess bandwidth available for use by other cooperating routers. In an exemplary “latency optimization” cooperation type, one cooperating router may use another cooperating router to transmit duplicates of packets or to implement suppression techniques.

Methods and systems are provided for cooperating routers in communication networks. The cooperating routers conduct a handshake to exchange information with respect to “cooperation types” which they are capable of performing and/or are configured to perform. In an exemplary “emergency connection” cooperation type, one cooperating router may use the ISP connection of another cooperating router to send and receive packets. In an exemplary “bandwidth sharing” cooperation type, one cooperating router may make excess bandwidth available for use by other cooperating routers. In an exemplary “latency optimization” cooperation type, one cooperating router may use another cooperating router to transmit duplicates of packets or to implement suppression techniques.

Application debug protocols that require waiting for responses between each request may be adversely affected if significant latency exists between a test device executing an application and a remote device used to debug the application. To address this, the test device is connected to a separate device that receives requests from the remote device. When a first request is received, the separate device determines other requests that are related to the first request, sequentially sends the other requests to the test device, and receives a response after each request, using a wired connection affected by less latency than communication with the remote device. The separate device then sends each of the requests and responses to the remote device for storage. When the remote device prepares to send a subsequent request, if a response can be determined using the stored data, the stored data is used to determine the response locally.