A system includes a plurality of computer devices connected to a network. The computer devices are operable by a plurality of users. The system further includes a server connected to the network. The server is to communicate data with the plurality of computer devices. The system further includes a bridge device connected to the network. The bridge device is to receive connection requests from the plurality of computer devices via the network. The bridge device is further to receive connection requests from the server via the network. The bridge device is further to mediate data communications between the plurality of computer devices and the server by communicating data through open connections made based on connection requests received from the plurality of computer devices and the server.

The present disclosure provides an information transmission method, a UE and a network device, so as to solve the problem that the data transmission reliability is low when the UE accesses a network through a relay. The information transmission method includes transmitting duplicated data to a network device through one of: N relays, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; or an air interface between the UE and the network device as well as M relays, where M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

A highly predicable quality shared distributed memory process is achieved using less than predicable public and private internet protocol networks as the means for communications within the processing interconnect. An adaptive private network (APN) service provides the ability for the distributed memory process to communicate data via an APN conduit service, to use high throughput paths by bandwidth allocation to higher quality paths avoiding lower quality paths, to deliver reliability via fast retransmissions on single packet loss detection, to deliver reliability and timely communication through redundancy transmissions via duplicate transmissions on high a best path and on a most independent path from the best path, to lower latency via high resolution clock synchronized path monitoring and high latency path avoidance, to monitor packet loss and provide loss prone path avoidance, and to avoid congestion by use of high resolution clock synchronized enabled congestion monitoring and avoidance.

A highly predicable quality shared distributed memory process is achieved using less than predicable public and private internet protocol networks as the means for communications within the processing interconnect. An adaptive private network (APN) service provides the ability for the distributed memory process to communicate data via an APN conduit service, to use high throughput paths by bandwidth allocation to higher quality paths avoiding lower quality paths, to deliver reliability via fast retransmissions on single packet loss detection, to deliver reliability and timely communication through redundancy transmissions via duplicate transmissions on high a best path and on a most independent path from the best path, to lower latency via high resolution clock synchronized path monitoring and high latency path avoidance, to monitor packet loss and provide loss prone path avoidance, and to avoid congestion by use of high resolution clock synchronized enabled congestion monitoring and avoidance.

A system and method for determining a network path through a network that is managed by a software defined network (TsSDN) controller incorporating time management are disclosed. In some embodiments, the SDN controller can determine that a data packet originating from a transmitting device and directed to a receiving device is associated with one of: time-sensitive, timeaware or best effort characteristic. The controller can then determine a network path for transport of the data packet from the transmitting device to the receiving device with a guaranteed end to end delay to satisfy the characteristic. The end to end delay considers latency through each layer the data packet transitions through after being conjured at an application layer of the transmitting device. The data packet is then transmitted from the transmitting device via the network path to the receiving device.

A system and method for determining a network path through a network that is managed by a software defined network (TsSDN) controller incorporating time management are disclosed. In some embodiments, the SDN controller can determine that a data packet originating from a transmitting device and directed to a receiving device is associated with one of: time-sensitive, timeaware or best effort characteristic. The controller can then determine a network path for transport of the data packet from the transmitting device to the receiving device with a guaranteed end to end delay to satisfy the characteristic. The end to end delay considers latency through each layer the data packet transitions through after being conjured at an application layer of the transmitting device. The data packet is then transmitted from the transmitting device via the network path to the receiving device.

Embodiments disclosed include a method and apparatus for global traffic control and optimization for software-defined networks. In an embodiment, data traffic is optimized by distributing predefined metrics (data traffic information) to all controllers in the network. The predefined metrics are specific to local network switches and controllers, but are distributed to all peers at configurable intervals. “Local” as used herein implies one POP and its associated switch and controller. The method of distribution of local POP metrics is strictly in band using a packet as defined by the protocol used by the data network.

The present invention provides a method of selecting an optimal communication routing between a UE and a core network wherein a plurality of differing communication paths are establishable between the UE and the network. Duplicate packets are transmitted over two communication paths and a latency difference determined between the two paths. This latency difference is used to select a communication path for subsequent communication.

The present invention provides a method of selecting an optimal communication routing between a UE and a core network wherein a plurality of differing communication paths are establishable between the UE and the network. Duplicate packets are transmitted over two communication paths and a latency difference determined between the two paths. This latency difference is used to select a communication path for subsequent communication.

A controller obtains a forwarding latency requirement of a service flow and a destination address of the service flow, and determines a forwarding path that meets the forwarding latency requirement. The controller determines that an ingress node forwards a first cycle time number of a packet and an intermediate node forwards a second cycle time number of the packet, and separately determines a corresponding adjacent segment identifier. A label stack generated by the controller includes the adjacent segment identifier and the adjacent segment identifier. The controller sends the label stack to the ingress node, to trigger the ingress node to forward the packet within a period of time corresponding to the first cycle time number. The controller determines the forwarding path based on the forwarding latency requirement of the service flow, and generates a label stack corresponding to a forwarding time point.