Described herein are peptides, compositions, and method of treating measles or HIV infection with antiviral peptide conjugates comprising a fusion inhibitory peptide (FIP) conjugated to a C-terminal heptad repeat (HRC) peptide. Also described herein are soluble stabilized measles F proteins, compositions, and method of preventing measles infection with the stabilized F protein, which can be administered alone, or in combination with the antiviral peptide conjugates described herein.

Described herein are peptides, compositions, and method of treating measles or HIV infection with antiviral peptide conjugates comprising a fusion inhibitory peptide (FIP) conjugated to a C-terminal heptad repeat (HRC) peptide. Also described herein are soluble stabilized measles F proteins, compositions, and method of preventing measles infection with the stabilized F protein, which can be administered alone, or in combination with the antiviral peptide conjugates described herein.

Certain antiviral compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods related thereto are disclosed.

A biphenyl fluorine double bond derivative having a structure as represented by formula (I), a preparation method therefor, and a pharmaceutical application thereof. The biphenyl fluorine double bond derivative having the structure as represented by formula (I) can be widely applied in the preparation of medicaments for preventing and/or treating cancers or tumors, immune-related diseases and disorders, communicable diseases, infectious diseases or metabolic diseases mediated by PD-1/PD-L1 signal pathways, and is expected to be developed into a new generation of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

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The present invention is directed to novel promiscuous and artificial T helper cell epitopes (Th epitopes) designed to provide optimum immunogenicity of a target antigenic site. The target antigenic site can include a B cell epitope, a CTL epitope, a peptide hapten, a non-peptide hapten, or any immunologically reactive analogue thereof. The disclosed Th epitopes, when covalently linked to a target antigenic site in a peptide immunogen construct, elicit a strong B cell antibody response or an effector T cell response to the target antigenic site. The Th epitopes are immunosilent on their own, i.e., little, if any, of the antibodies generated by the peptide immunogen constructs will be directed towards the Th epitope, thus allowing a very focused immune response directed to the targeted antigenic site. The promiscuous artificial Th epitopes provide effective and safe peptide immunogens that do not generate inflammatory, anti-self, cell-mediated immune responses following administration.

The present invention is directed to novel promiscuous and artificial T helper cell epitopes (Th epitopes) designed to provide optimum immunogenicity of a target antigenic site. The target antigenic site can include a B cell epitope, a CTL epitope, a peptide hapten, a non-peptide hapten, or any immunologically reactive analogue thereof. The disclosed Th epitopes, when covalently linked to a target antigenic site in a peptide immunogen construct, elicit a strong B cell antibody response or an effector T cell response to the target antigenic site. The Th epitopes are immunosilent on their own, i.e., little, if any, of the antibodies generated by the peptide immunogen constructs will be directed towards the Th epitope, thus allowing a very focused immune response directed to the targeted antigenic site. The promiscuous artificial Th epitopes provide effective and safe peptide immunogens that do not generate inflammatory, anti-self, cell-mediated immune responses following administration.

Migration of HIV-1 infected monocytes across the endothelial barrier plays an essential role in establishing and maintenance of viral reservoir in the brain and leads to neuroinflammation, neuronal damage, and subsequent HIV-induced central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. These processes continue despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) due to limited pharmacological permeability of the blood-brain barrier, the presence of residual viral replication, and the reactivation of latent viruses. Compositions comprising Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-associated endonucleases targeted to activated leukocytes cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), chemotactic recruitment (CCR2/5), adhesion to the endothelium (ALCAM) and junctional diapedesis (JAM-A) achieves maximum repression of leukocyte transmigration and block of the spread of the virus to different tissues and organs.

Migration of HIV-1 infected monocytes across the endothelial barrier plays an essential role in establishing and maintenance of viral reservoir in the brain and leads to neuroinflammation, neuronal damage, and subsequent HIV-induced central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. These processes continue despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) due to limited pharmacological permeability of the blood-brain barrier, the presence of residual viral replication, and the reactivation of latent viruses. Compositions comprising Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-associated endonucleases targeted to activated leukocytes cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), chemotactic recruitment (CCR2/5), adhesion to the endothelium (ALCAM) and junctional diapedesis (JAM-A) achieves maximum repression of leukocyte transmigration and block of the spread of the virus to different tissues and organs.

The present disclosure provides materials and methods related to engineered bacteria for use in vaccines. In particular, the present disclosure provides novel compositions and methods for generating vaccine compositions comprising bacteria (e.g., Lactobacillus) engineered to express immunogenic polypeptides and immunogenicity-enhancing adjuvant polypeptides to treat and/or prevent infection from a pathogenic organism (e.g., coronavirus).

Provided herein are HIV-1 vaccines comprising a carrier and a population episensus antigen determined using the EpiGraph approach. Also provided are HIV-1 vaccines comprising a carrier, a population episensus antigen, and a tailored antigen. Also provided are methods of designing and producing an HIV-1 vaccine for a subject comprising designing vaccine antigens to optimally cover the diversity within a geographic area using an antigen amino acid sequence generated using the EpiGraph approach, and producing said designed vaccine antigen. Also provided are methods of inducing an effector memory T cell response comprising designing the one or more EpiGraph amino acid sequences, producing a vaccine comprising the one or more EpiGraph amino acid sequences and a vector, and administering the vaccine to a subject. Further provided are methods of treating HIV-1 in a subject comprising administering an effective amount of the described HIV-1 vaccines to the subject in need thereof.