Embodiments of this application disclose a traffic forwarding processing method and a device. The method includes: A first network device receives a first packet that is from a second network device and that includes a MAC address of a destination device and a color identifier of the MAC address. The first network device obtains an address of a third network device, where the destination device is multi-homed to the second network device and the third network device. The first network device determines a first forwarding policy based on the address of the third network device and the color identifier, and forwards, to the third network device according to the first forwarding policy, traffic destined for the MAC address.

The present disclosure relates to a packet duplication in wireless communications. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method performed by a wireless device in a wireless communication system comprises: receiving a configuration for a first routing identity (ID) and a second routing ID, wherein the first routing ID is related to a first routing path towards a destination node, and the second routing ID is related to a second routing path towards the destination node; receiving a first protocol data unit (PDU); based on that a condition to perform a packet duplication is satisfied, constructing a second PDU so that a header of the second PDU includes information related to the packet duplication and the second PDU includes a payload of the first PDU; transmitting, to the destination node, the first PDU via the first routing path related to the first routing ID; and transmitting, to the destination node, the second PDU including the header via the second routing path related to the second routing ID.

Methods and systems for optimizing bandwidth utilization in an in-home network may comprise in a multi-protocol premises-based wired and wireless network, monitoring capabilities of media of a wired communication link operating in accordance with a wired communication standard and capabilities of a wireless communication link operating in accordance with a wireless local area network standard. Some or all data communications from the wired communication link may be routed to the wireless communication link based on the media capabilities. Bit-loading of the data communications in the wired communication link and wireless communication link may be configured based on the media capabilities. The capabilities may comprise one or more of: bandwidth, data throughput, usage, and signal-to-noise ratio. The wired communication standard may comprise Multimedia over Cable Alliance (MoCA). The monitoring may be performed by one or more Multimedia over Cable Alliance (MoCA) network controllers.

A method that incorporates aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining, by a system comprising a processor, interference information associated with one or more physical resource blocks (PRBs) from each base station of a plurality of base stations. Further, the method can include determining, by the system, from the interference information a strategy for improving a PRB utilization of a first base station of the plurality of base stations. In addition, the method can include conveying, by the system, the strategy to at least one base station of the plurality of base stations. Other embodiments are disclosed.

In general, techniques are described for providing Hot-Root Standby in Global Table Multicast (GTM) environments. For example, in such GTM environments, normally a single unicast route to the customer multicast source (“C-Source”) will be available to egress provider edge (PE) routers. As described herein, ingress PE routers may advertise multiple routes to a C-Source, including unicast routes that include Route Import Extended Communities, which are imported by egress PE routers. This enables an egress PE router to have multiple paths to the C-Source, and the egress PE router may generate multiple C-multicast source tree joins for respective ingress PE routers in order to receive respective multicast streams sourced by the C-Source from the ingress PE routers.

Aspects of the disclosure relate to mechanisms for interworking between legacy and next generation radio access technologies (RATs) in a communication network. In some examples, a connectivity request originated by a user equipment towards a next generation core network may be processed by the next generation core network. The next generation core network may then provide the user equipment an indication of whether the next generation core network supports an inter-RAT handover between the next generation RAT and a legacy RAT.

Systems and methods that efficiently combine multiple wireless networks or devices resulting in faster, more reliable, and more secure mobile Internet. A Virtual Private Network (VPN) service application is operated to route outgoing and incoming data packets of a mobile device. The mobile device is (i) either coupled to a remote server through the VPN service application for data packets transfer between the remote server and the mobile device or (ii) performs cross-layer translation for data packets transfer between the mobile device and direct target hosts on the Internet. Concurrently using multiple channels secures data packets transfer by sending encrypted data packets over multiple channels and receiving the encrypted data packets by a single apparatus. Data packets are designated to be transferred via a Wi-Fi channel or a cellular channel, and then transferred using both the Wi-Fi channel and the cellular channel.

A method for forwarding a packet, and a network device are provided. According to the method a first packet can be received. The first packet includes first indication information, payload data, and a packet sequence number of the first packet in a data flow corresponding to the first packet. When the first network device determines that the first packet includes the first indication information, a plurality of second packets can be generated based on the first packet. Each of the plurality of second packets includes the payload data, the packet sequence number, and second indication information. The plurality of second packets can be separately forwarded to a second network device over different forwarding paths in a plurality of forwarding paths.

A method performed by a network node. The method includes detecting a loss of connection at an incoming interface to an upstream neighbor of the network node, where the network node is in a multicast communication network that includes a multicast tree to provide connectivity from a common source node to one or more multicast recipient nodes. The multicast communication network further includes a set of one or more secondary paths to provide redundancy to the multicast tree, and sending a notification packet downstream toward the one or more multicast recipient nodes when the network node cannot re-route the multicast data traffic to allow the multicast data traffic to be received by the multicast recipient nodes, wherein the notification packet causes one or more downstream nodes to switch multicast reception to one or more of the set of one or more secondary paths to re-route the multicast data traffic.

Packets in a data communications network are encapsulated by an encapsulation module on a sending computer and decapsulated on the receiver computer, the transmission of data packets being controlled by credit sent by the receiving computer. When overloaded, network switches trim the payload from packets; trimmed packets inform the receiving computer of the demands of the sending computer.