A parent node selection method includes obtaining, by a network node, an identifier of each of candidate parent nodes, a quantity of subnodes already connected to each candidate parent node and a rank of each candidate parent node; obtaining a candidate rank of the network node that corresponds to each candidate parent node; determining, according to a first preset rule, a first candidate parent node set from the candidate parent nodes based on the identifier of each candidate parent node and the candidate rank of the network node that corresponds to each candidate parent node; and determining, based on a quantity of subnodes already connected to each candidate parent node in the first candidate parent node set, a candidate parent node that is in the first candidate parent node set and that is already connected to a smallest quantity of subnodes as a target parent node of the network node.

In multicast management, topology information identifying multicast distribution paths is maintained at a router serving as a root of a multicast distribution tree and/or as a first hop router. The router can detect congestion or failures based on messages from other routers. The router can request another router to change the multicast distribution paths as needed to load-balance the traffic, avoid congestion or failure, or eliminate duplicate traffic. In some embodiments, ECMP Redirect functionality is expanded to ECMP paths of arbitrary number of hops. Other features are also provided.

A wireless mesh network is described. The mesh network uses a plurality of data communications nodes that are organized in a tree-like structure. The network also includes an access server which communicates with the nodes. The mesh network nodes are one or more root access point nodes having a wired connection to an external network; and one or more mesh access point nodes. Both types of nodes communicate with an external network. Each non-root node automatically connects to an associated parent node selected from one or more nodes within a direct wireless communication range of the node. The node selects a parent node based on one or more parent selection criteria from the access server and establishes a connection to the selected parent node. The node then calculates its routing path to the external network. The nodes include unique identifiers and two or more radios.

Techniques for utilizing Software-Defined Networking (SDN) controllers and network border leaf nodes of respective cloud computing networks to configure a data transmission route for a multicast group. Each border leaf node may maintain a respective external sources database, including a number of records indicating associations between a multicast data source, one or more respective border leaf nodes disposed in the same network as the multicast data source, and network capability information. A border leaf node, disposed in the same network as a multicast data source, may broadcast a local source discovery message to all border leaf nodes in remote networks to which it is communicatively coupled. A border leaf node may also communicate network capability information associated with one or more remote networks to a local SDN controller. The SDN controller may utilize the network capability information to configure a data transmission route to one or more destination nodes.

Apparatuses, systems, and techniques are presented to configure computing resources to perform various tasks. In at least one embodiment, an approach presented herein can be used to verify whether a network of computing nodes is properly configured based, at least in part, on one or more expected data strings generated by the network of computing nodes.

Apparatuses, systems, and techniques are presented to configure computing resources to perform various tasks. In at least one embodiment, an approach presented herein can be used to verify whether a network of computing nodes is properly configured based, at least in part, on one or more expected data strings generated by the network of computing nodes.

A controller includes a transceiver to establish a first session with a route reflector and monitor advertisements received by the route reflector from nodes in a network via second sessions established between the nodes and the route reflector. The controller also includes a processor to generate forwarding instructions for the nodes based on the advertisements. The forwarding instructions indicate one or more routes from a root node to one or more leaf nodes of a service. The transceiver provides the forwarding instructions to the root node. In some cases, the first session is established according to the border gateway protocol (BGP) and the one or more second sessions are established according to the BGP. The controller determines that the one or more leaf nodes are registered for one or more virtual private network (VPN) services based on the advertisements.

A multilayer architecture for supporting variable networks is discussed. The architecture includes an application layer in communication with a simulation and network management layer and a coupling layer. The coupling layer interfaces with physical connections within a network device and the remaining layers; and wherein the simulation and network management layer sets one or more network parameters within the application layer.

The present application discloses a congestion control method and an apparatus. The method includes: receiving, by a root node network element, a first link notification message; determining, based on the link status information of the first link, that the first link is congested; determining an identifier of a first leaf node network element based on a correspondence between an identifier of the first port and the identifier of the first leaf node network element; determining a service queue of the first leaf node network element based on a correspondence between the identifier of the first leaf node network element and an identifier of the service queue of the first leaf node network element; and lowering output bandwidth of the service queue of the first leaf node network element.

Provided is a flow control device for suppressing a consumption of a network bandwidth in multipoint-to-multipoint communication. The flow control device is a device for controlling a plurality of flow-processing devices that process a packet for predetermined communication. The flow control device include first means for calculating, for each of predetermined flow-processing devices located at an edge to an external network, a shortest path to another of the predetermined flow-processing devices, second means for determining, based on a number of times a link between flow-processing devices is included in the shortest path, a candidate link used in a communication path for the predetermined communication; and third means for calculating a candidate communication path for the predetermined communication, based on the determined candidate link.