HVAC components having improved efficiency are described. In one embodiment, excessive sleep current draw in a battery-powered device having a microcontroller is detected by measuring a voltage drop across a MOSFET device coupled in a forward-conducting orientation in series between the battery and the microcontroller, causing a transistor to conduct when the voltage drop exceeds a predetermined threshold to generate a first trigger signal, integrating the first trigger signal to generate a second trigger signal, and generating an interrupt to the microcontroller. In another embodiment, a battery-saving method of operating an HVAC component includes maintaining the HVAC device in the sleep mode, receiving a user input to wake the device, transmitting a data request and returning the HVAC component to the sleep mode, waking up the HVAC device to poll an adjacent network node storing a cached response, displaying the response, and returning the HVAC device to sleep.

Described herein are systems, methods, and software to manage the selection of an edge gateway or edge for processing a packet. In one implementation, a first edge may receive a packet and hash addressing information in the packet to select a second edge to process the packet. The first edge may further forward the packet to the second edge, permitting the second edge to process the packet. Once processed, the second edge may forward the packet to a destination host computing system and notify the host computing system to use the second edge for response packets directed at a source internet protocol (IP) address in the packet.

Systems, apparatuses, and methods for performing efficient data transfer in a computing system are disclosed. A computing system includes multiple fabric interfaces in clients and a fabric. A packet transmitter in the fabric interface includes multiple queues, each for storing packets of a respective type, and a corresponding address history cache for each queue. Queue arbiters in the packet transmitter select candidate packets for issue and determine when address history caches on both sides of the link store the upper portion of the address. The packet transmitter sends a source identifier and a pointer for the request in the packet on the link, rather than the entire request address, which reduces the size of the packet. The queue arbiters support out-of-order issue from the queues. The queue arbiters detect conflicts with out-of-order issue and adjust the outbound packets and fields stored in the queue entries to avoid data corruption.

A system, process, and computer-readable medium for updating an application cache using a stream listening service is described. A stream listening service may monitor one or more data streams for content relating to a user. The stream listening service may forward the content along with time-to-live values to an application cache. A user may use an application to obtain information regarding the user's account, where the application obtains information from a data store and/or cached information from the application cache. The stream listening service, by forwarding current account information, obtained from listening to one or more streams, to the application cache, reduces traffic at the data store by providing current information from the data stream to the application cache.

A method for communicating in real-time to users of a provider of Internet access service, without requiring any installation or set-up by the user, that utilizes the unique identification information automatically provided by the user during communications for identifying the user to provide a fixed identifier which is then communicated to a redirecting device. Messages may then be selectively transmitted to the user. The system is normally transparent to the user, with no modification of its content along the path. Content then may be modified or replaced along the path to the user. For the purposes of establishing a reliable delivery of bulletin messages from providers to their users, the system forces the delivery of specially-composed World Wide Web browser pages to the user, although it is not limited to that type of data.

Some embodiments of the invention provide a forwarding element (e.g., a switch, a router, etc.) that has one or more data plane, message-processing pipelines with key-value processing circuits. The forwarding element's data plane key-value circuits allow the forwarding element to perform key-value services that would otherwise have to be performed by data compute nodes connected by the network fabric that includes the forwarding element. In some embodiments, the key-value (KV) services of the forwarding element and other similar forwarding elements supplement the key-value services of a distributed set of key-value servers by caching a subset of the most commonly used key-value pairs in the forwarding elements that connect the set of key-value servers with their client applications. In some embodiments, the key-value circuits of the forwarding element perform the key-value service operations at message-processing line rates at which the forwarding element forwards messages to the data compute nodes and/or to other network forwarding elements in the network fabric.

Metadata indicating that a virtual traffic hub enabling connectivity between a plurality of isolated networks has been established is stored. A determination is made that a first entry of a first isolated network attached to the hub is to be represented in a second routing table of a second isolated network attached to the hub, e.g., to enable network packets originating at resources of the second isolated network to be transmitted via the hub to the first isolated network. A new entry corresponding to the first entry is included in the second routing table.

A method for creating a data transmission entry and a related device are provided, which are used in the communication field. The method includes: a source node receives a first packet sent by a destination node, wherein content of the first packet includes a destination address of a data packet; and the source node creates, depending on whether the destination address of the data packet is an address of a service supported by the source node, an entry associated with the first packet.

A novel design of a gateway that handles traffic in and out of a network by using a datapath pipeline is provided. The datapath pipeline includes multiple stages for performing various data-plane packet-processing operations at the edge of the network. The processing stages include centralized routing stages and distributed routing stages. The processing stages can include service-providing stages such as NAT and firewall. The gateway caches the result previous packet operations and reapplies the result to subsequent packets that meet certain criteria. For packets that do not have applicable or valid result from previous packet processing operations, the gateway datapath daemon executes the pipelined packet processing stages and records a set of data from each stage of the pipeline and synthesizes those data into a cache entry for subsequent packets.

Examples may include techniques to control an insertion ratio or rate for a cache. Examples include comparing cache miss ratios for different time intervals or windows for a cache to determine whether to adjust a cache insertion ratio that is based on a ratio of cache misses to cache insertions.