A method at enhanced error handling for 5G QoS operations is proposed. A PDU session defines the association between the UE and the data network that provides a PDU connectivity service. Each PDU session is identified by a PDU session ID, and may include multiple QoS flows and QoS rules. Within a PDU session, there should be one and only one default QoS rule. The default QoS rule indication (DQR) and the QoS flow identifier (QFI) of QoS rule should not be changed. When the QoS operation carried by the command message is Modify existing QoS rule and delete packet filters, then it is defined as a semantic error in the QoS operation if all the packet filters of a QoS rule are deleted, and the QoS rule is a QoS rule of a PDU session of IPv4, IPv6, IPv4v6, or Ethernet PDU session type.

A method of QoS rule management with enhanced handling on QoS flow description is proposed. UE checks QoS configuration received from the network for QoS operation errors. When UE receives a QoS rule associated with a specific QFI but has no QoS flow description for the QFI, UE further determines whether the QoS rule is of a GBR QoS flow. If so, UE detects a QoS operation error. If the QoS rule is the default QoS rule, then UE releases the PDU session. If the QoS rule is not the default QoS rule, then UE either rejects a PDU session modification command that carries the QoS rule or deletes the QoS rule carried by a PDU session establishment accept with a 5GSM cause value indicating the QoS operation error.

A method for handling PDU session handover procedure collision in a next generation NG/5G system is proposed. Both network-triggered and UE-triggered PDU session handover procedures can occur at the same time. If Paging or Notification for PDU session handover comes before UE initiated MO PDU session establishment procedure for PDU session handover, then UE should avoid sending the PDU session establishment request for PDU session handover but only send the service request as a response to paging. On the other hand, if Paging or Notification for PDU session handover comes after UE initiated MO PDU session establishment procedure for PDU session handover, then UE should avoid sending the service request for PDU session handover but proceed with the PDU session establishment procedure as a response to paging.

A method for UE route selection policy (URSP) rule matching is proposed. URSP is used by a UE to determine if a detected application can be associated to an established PDU session, can be offload to non-3GPP access outside a PDU session, or can trigger the establishment of a new PDU session. The UE first finds a non-default URSP rule with a matching traffic descriptor to the application. When the UE fails to find existing PDU session or setup new PDU session with any or the route selection descriptors of the non-default URSP rule, the UE moves to another non-default URSP rule, if any, and try the matching. If all non-default URSP rules cannot be matched with the application, then the UE tries the default URSP rule, which includes a match-all traffic descriptor.

Examples pertaining to flexible radio access technology (RAT) selection for 5th Generation (5G) mobile communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive, from a network node of a wireless network, information related to a RAT preference with respect to RAT selection by the UE. Based at least in part on the received information, the UE may perform a RAT or Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) selection procedure. Alternatively, or additionally, the UE may receive, from the network node, information related to ability of one or more neighbor network nodes of one or more RATs in a region. Based at least in part on the received information, the UE may select one of the one or more RATs or one of the one or more neighbor network nodes.

A method of 5G session management (5GSM) state mapping is proposed when interworking. For each PDU session in 5GSM state of PDU SESSION active, PDU SESSION MODIFICATION PENDING, or PDU SESSION INACTIVE PENDING, UE maps the PDU session to a PDN connection in 4G ESM state BEARER CONTEXT ACTIVE. For any other PDU session in 5GSM state of PDU SESSION inactive, or PDU SESSION ACTIVE PENDING, UE maps the PDU session to a PDN connection in 4G ESM state BEARER CONTEXT INACTIVE.

Embodiments provide techniques for providing return-link routing in a hybrid communications network that includes a number of different networks having different characteristics. User terminal routing systems (UTRSs) provide interfaces between local user networks and the multiple communications networks of the hybrid network. Each UTRS can include a routing table having stored mappings that are populated according to forward-link communications (implicitly or explicitly), each associating a respective one of a plurality of routing table entries with one of the communications networks. When a UTRS receives return-link data from its respective local user network, the received data indicates a destination node. The UTRS can determine which of the stored mappings corresponds to the destination node and can route the received return-link data over a selected one of the communications networks in accordance with the identified one of the mappings.

This application provides a packet processing method and apparatus, a device, and a storage medium, and pertains to the field of communication technologies. In this application, a control identifier field is added to a packet, and the control identifier field indicates whether forwarding of the packet is allowed when the first network device does not configure the slice identifier on an outbound interface. The control identifier field and a slice identifier of a network slice are carried in the packet, so that the slice identifier and the control identifier field are transmitted on a network together. When a receive end does not configure the slice identifier on the outbound interface, the receive end can discard the packet based on the control identifier field, instead of forwarding the packet by using routing information.

In accordance with an embodiment method, a routing device obtains a plurality of IPv6 prefixes from a plurality of networks; determines a first IPv6 prefix from the plurality of IPv6 prefixes according to a first routing policy, and allocates the first IPv6 prefix to a terminal device; receives a first data service request including a first IPv6 address from the terminal device; determines, according to a second routing policy; determines a second IPv6 address based on the first IPv6 address and a second IPv6 prefix corresponding to the second network; and sends a second data service request including the second IPv6 address to the second network, where the first IPv6 address is determined by the terminal device based on the first IPv6 prefix and a local address, and the second network is any network other than the first network in the plurality of networks.

A method for partitioning media content across different network slices in a network is comprises receiving, by a device from a server via a first network slice, a first ledger and a first partition of objects. The first ledger comprises data describing the first partition of objects and parameters for rendering the first partition of objects, and the first network slice is a first logical portion of the network associated with network elements configured to forward traffic according to a first quality of service network performance criteria. The method further comprises rendering, by a rendering application of the device, the first partition of objects based on the first ledger.