Disclosed are various examples for segregating virtual private network (VPN) traffic based on the originating client application. A network gateway receives network traffic from a tunnel endpoint of an application-specific virtual private network tunnel. The network traffic originates from a client application executed in a client device. The network gateway identifies a particular virtual local area network through which the network traffic is received. The network gateway determines, using an identifier of the particular virtual local area network and a mapping of virtual local area network identifiers, characteristics of the client application or the client device from a set of mobile device management attributes. The network gateway determines whether to route the network traffic to a destination based at least in part on the characteristics.

Systems, devices, and methodology for removing echo and reducing congestion in multicast (broadcast) over a dynamic self-healing mobile mesh network, by use of discrete embedded computers synchronously tracking mesh connections and link quality across multiple RF connections, keeping multicast both efficient and effective in a highly kinetic, ever changing, mesh topology.

A content distribution network includes a first server in communication with an anycast server that provides content via a unicast signal, and with a multicast server that provides the content via a multicast signal. The first server is configured to receive a list of source addresses associated with the content, and to provide a metadata file including an anycast Internet protocol address of the anycast server from the list of source addresses as an Internet protocol address of the content in response to a first request for the content. When the number of client devices requesting the content exceeds a first threshold, the first server receives an updated list of sources including a multicast Internet protocol address of a multicast server, and provides the multicast Internet protocol address of the multicast server as the Internet protocol address of the content in the metadata file.

A system and apparatus are disclosed herein for vehicle to everything (V2X) wireless communication. A V2X wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a vehicle to everything (V2X) message including configuration information and a road side unit (RSU) address. The WTRU may then transmit a message to the RSU according to the configuration information including multimedia broadcast multicast services (MBMS) data. The configuration information may include a MBMS service descriptor. One or more of the V2X messages may include priority information, WTRU type information, or both.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, and a system for data transmission. A network device receives a first multicast protocol packet sent by a network virtualization edge, NVE, for joining a multicast group, obtains first information, establishes an NVE interface of the multicast group according to the first information, and determines second information according to the first information, wherein the first information comprises a correspondence between each NVE connected to the network device and a multicast group to which each NVE belongs, and the second information comprises each multicast group in which the network device is involved; and sends the second information to a NVO3 manager, so that the NVO3 manager establishes a unicast tunnel interface of the multicast group between the network device and the at least one another network device according to the second information.

A system and method for managing bandwidth of an upstream communications channel in a communications system.

A novel method of operating a Distributed Cable Modem Termination System is provided. Each branch CMTS node in a distributed CMTS supports a complete CMTS system and with full-spectrum ports. One or more MAC domains are defined at each branch CMTS node. A MAC domain defined at a branch CMTS node includes only service flows of the CMs that are connected to the branch CMTS node. Identifiers of service flows coming from a branch CMTS node are always unique, i.e., two different service flows of the branch CMTS would always have different SIDs, even if they belong to different MAC domains. On the other hand, service flows belonging to different branch CMTS nodes are free to reuse the same identifiers.

A system for managing traffic between servers, the system may include first tier switches that are coupled to the servers; second tier switches that are coupled to the first tier switches and to third tier switches; and controllers. Wherein each first tier switch comprises first queues. Wherein each second tier switch comprises second queues. The controllers are configured to control a traffic between the first tier switches and the second tier switches attributed to the traffic between the servers, (a) on, at least, a queue granularity; (b) while controlling some first queues to provide buffer extension to some second queues, and (c) while controlling some second queues to provide buffer extension to some first queues.

A data packet forwarding method including receiving, by a network node, a data packet that comprises a bit string, a BFIR identifier (ID), and a multicast replication path (MRP) ID, wherein the BFIR ID identifies an ingress network node for a multicast group, and wherein the MRP ID identifies the multicast group, identifying an entry in a BIER Replication Path Cache Table (BRCT) using the BFIR ID and the MRP ID, wherein the entry identifies a replication neighbor (NBR) list associated with the BFIR ID and the MRP ID, and forwarding the data packet in accordance with the replication NBR list.

The present disclosure aims to make it possible to transfer multicast packets at as high a rate as possible according to a state of a network, to perform high-quality and low-latency content distribution, and to perform stable multicast distribution on a network that is less likely to ensure a fixed available band such as a best-effort or wireless network.

The present disclosure is a content distribution system for converting part of communication for distribution into multicast communication, in which

a transmission-side edge server (UC/MC) applies Forward Error Correction to a multicast packet and transmits the multicast packet, a reception-side edge server (MC/UC) notifies the transmission-side edge server of information of packet loss of the received multicast packet, and

the transmission-side edge server (UC/MC) changes a transfer rate of a multicast packet to be transmitted based on the notified information of packet loss.