A network system for a data center is described in which a switch fabric provides full mesh interconnectivity such that any servers may communicate packet data to any other of the servers using any of a number of parallel data paths. Moreover, according to the techniques described herein, edge-positioned access nodes, optical permutation devices and core switches of the switch fabric may be configured and arranged in a way such that the parallel data paths provide single L2/L3 hop, full mesh interconnections between any pairwise combination of the access nodes, even in massive data centers having tens of thousands of servers.

A network system for a data center is described in which a switch fabric provides full mesh interconnectivity such that any servers may communicate packet data to any other of the servers using any of a number of parallel data paths. Moreover, according to the techniques described herein, edge-positioned access nodes, optical permutation devices and core switches of the switch fabric may be configured and arranged in a way such that the parallel data paths provide single L2/L3 hop, full mesh interconnections between any pairwise combination of the access nodes, even in massive data centers having tens of thousands of servers. The plurality of optical permutation devices permute communications across the optical ports based on wavelength so as to provide full-mesh optical connectivity between edge-facing ports and core-facing ports without optical interference.

A network device, communication system, and method are provided. In one example, a network device is described that includes a plurality of switching elements, each switching element in the plurality of switching elements corresponding to a different plane from a plurality of planes in a planarized network. The network device also includes a ring mechanism generated based on a set of rules that permits inter-plane connectivity between the plurality of switching elements.

A network device, communication system, and method are provided. In one example, a network device is described that includes a plurality of switching elements, each switching element in the plurality of switching elements corresponding to a different plane from a plurality of planes in a planarized network. The network device also includes a ring mechanism generated based on a set of rules that permits inter-plane connectivity between the plurality of switching elements.

A system includes input or output channels linked to nominal and redundant equipment items, and at least one redundancy matrix for routing the signals of a channel from one equipment item to a redundant or nominal equipment item, represented by a connection grid having rows corresponding to the channels of the system and columns corresponding to the equipment items of the system, and connection points comprising: the points of intersection of a nominal path situated on a nominal diagonal of the connection grid, and the points of intersection of a redundant path of the connection grid situated between each row corresponding to a channel C.sub.i and a column corresponding to a redundant element R.sub.(i) of index (i), being surjective, the redundancy matrix being implemented in the form of a circuit comprising switches arranged according to the connection grid.

An intelligent vehicle communication system comprises a first controller, a second controller, and a communication network. The communication network comprises a first communication link and a second communication link, the first communication link connects the first controller and the second controller, and the second communication link connects the first controller and the second controller; and the first controller and the second controller perform data transmission through at least one of: the first communication link or the second communication link.

A network system for a data center is described in which an access node sprays a data flow of packets over a logical tunnel to another access node. In one example, a method comprises establishing, by a plurality of access nodes, a logical tunnel over a plurality of data paths across a switch fabric between a source access node and a destination access node included within the plurality of access nodes, wherein the source access node is coupled to a source network device; and spraying, by the source access node, a data flow of packets over the logical tunnel to the destination access node, wherein the source access node receives the data flow of packets from the source network device, and wherein spraying the data flow of packets includes directing each of the packets within the data flow to a least loaded data path.

A disclosed computing device capable of instantly switching over between routing engines may include (1) a packet forwarding board configured to (A) forward control traffic via a first link to a traffic replication device and (B) forward data traffic via a second link to a first routing engine, (2) the traffic replication device configured to (A) replicate the control traffic received from the packet forwarding board and (B) select control signals received from the first routing engine, (3) the first routing engine configured to receive control traffic from the traffic replication device, and (4) a second routing engine configured to receive control traffic from the traffic replication device. Various other apparatuses, systems, and methods are also disclosed.

Some embodiments provide a method for a data message processing device that includes multiple network interfaces associated with at least two different non-uniform memory access (NUMA) nodes. The method receives a data message at a first network interface associated with a particular one of the NUMA nodes. Based on processing of the data message, the method identifies multiple output options for the data message. Each of the output options has an equal forwarding cost and each output option is associated with a respective one of the NUMA nodes. The method selects an output option for the data message that is associated with the particular NUMA node to avoid cross-NUMA node processing of the data message.

Some embodiments provide a method for a data message processing device that includes multiple network interfaces associated with at least two different non-uniform memory access (NUMA) nodes. The method receives a data message at a first network interface associated with a particular one of the NUMA nodes. Based on processing of the data message, the method identifies multiple output options for the data message. Each of the output options has an equal forwarding cost and each output option is associated with a respective one of the NUMA nodes. The method selects an output option for the data message that is associated with the particular NUMA node to avoid cross-NUMA node processing of the data message.