A logical router includes disaggregated network elements that function as a single router and that are not coupled to a common backplane. The logical router includes spine elements and leaf elements implementing a network fabric with front panel ports being defined by leaf elements. Control plane elements program the spine units and leaf to function a logical router. The control plane may define operating system interfaces mapped to front panel ports of the leaf elements and referenced by tags associated with packets traversing the logical router. Redundancy and checkpoints may be implemented for a route database implemented by the control plane elements. The logical router may include a standalone fabric and may implement label tables that are used to label packets according to egress port and path through the fabric.

Systems and methods for managing edge routers include monitoring one or more trigger conditions related to transport links between two or more edge routers and one or more external networks. A first parameter associated with a first edge router is modified if at least one trigger condition is detected, the at least one trigger condition related to at least one transport link between the first edge router and the one or more external networks. The first parameter is compared with a second parameter associated with a second edge router of the two or more edge routers. A role of primary edge router is dynamically reassigned to one of the first edge router or the second router based on the comparison of the first parameter and the second parameter, where traffic between a local network and the one or more external networks is routed through the primary edge router.

Systems and methods for managing edge routers include monitoring one or more trigger conditions related to transport links between two or more edge routers and one or more external networks. A first parameter associated with a first edge router is modified if at least one trigger condition is detected, the at least one trigger condition related to at least one transport link between the first edge router and the one or more external networks. The first parameter is compared with a second parameter associated with a second edge router of the two or more edge routers. A role of primary edge router is dynamically reassigned to one of the first edge router or the second router based on the comparison of the first parameter and the second parameter, where traffic between a local network and the one or more external networks is routed through the primary edge router.

To facilitate redundancy in a distributed control system architecture used in an industrial automation environment, a user workstation is connected to multiple enterprise access switches. Separate physical connections established between an application server and the enterprise access switches are configured into a single virtual interface for the application server to provide physical media redundancy between the application server and the enterprise access switches. Redundancy switches are connected to the enterprise access switches and to a first LAN and a second LAN, and are assigned unique IP addresses but communicate using a same default gateway IP address to serve as redundant default gateways. The redundancy switches are configured with a redundancy protocol that enables transmission of duplicate data packets over the first LAN and the second LAN. Redundant industrial controllers are connected to both the first LAN and the second LAN, wherein the redundant industrial controllers utilize non-swapping IP addresses.

To facilitate redundancy in a distributed control system architecture used in an industrial automation environment, a user workstation is connected to multiple enterprise access switches. Separate physical connections established between an application server and the enterprise access switches are configured into a single virtual interface for the application server to provide physical media redundancy between the application server and the enterprise access switches. Redundancy switches are connected to the enterprise access switches and to a first LAN and a second LAN, and are assigned unique IP addresses but communicate using a same default gateway IP address to serve as redundant default gateways. The redundancy switches are configured with a redundancy protocol that enables transmission of duplicate data packets over the first LAN and the second LAN. Redundant industrial controllers are connected to both the first LAN and the second LAN, wherein the redundant industrial controllers utilize non-swapping IP addresses.

Method and network device for providing redundancy in an industrial network includes a first port group connected to a first network segment of the industrial network, and includes a switch module that has a plurality of southbound ports, wherein at least one southbound port is connected to a corresponding end device, where each port group has a pair of redundant northbound ports connected to a link redundancy entity having two or more interlinked ports connectable to one or more south-bound ports of switch module based on network topology for enabling redundant links between end devices connected to the southbound ports and the first network segment.

A computer-implemented system includes an electromechanical device configured to be manipulated by a patient while performing an exercise session, and a processor in communication with the electromechanical device. The processor is configured to receive data, generate a map packet, and transmit the map packet. The processor is configured to use the data to generate continuity packets, where each of the continuity packets includes a contiguous portion of the data, and transmit the continuity packets. The processor is configured to use the map packet and the continuity packets to cause an output file to be generated.

A computer-implemented system includes an electromechanical device configured to be manipulated by a patient while performing an exercise session, and a processor in communication with the electromechanical device. The processor is configured to receive data, generate a map packet, and transmit the map packet. The processor is configured to use the data to generate continuity packets, where each of the continuity packets includes a contiguous portion of the data, and transmit the continuity packets. The processor is configured to use the map packet and the continuity packets to cause an output file to be generated.

A relay device is one of relay devices each including (i) a common port connected to a terminal and (ii) two ring ports connected to other relay devices via communication lines. Upon receiving via the common port a frame whose destination is a terminal connected to a different relay device under one of the communication lines being abnormal, the relay device transmits the frame via both (i) one of the ring ports bypassing the abnormal communication line and (ii) a communication bus. In contrast, upon receiving a frame, whose destination is a terminal connected with the relay device, via one of the ring ports and a frame, whose destination is the terminal connected with the relay device, via the communication bus, the relay device determines whether the frames match. If the frames match, the relay device transfers the matched frame to the terminal via the common port.

A relay device is one of relay devices each including (i) a common port connected to a terminal and (ii) two ring ports connected to other relay devices via communication lines. Upon receiving via the common port a frame whose destination is a terminal connected to a different relay device under one of the communication lines being abnormal, the relay device transmits the frame via both (i) one of the ring ports bypassing the abnormal communication line and (ii) a communication bus. In contrast, upon receiving a frame, whose destination is a terminal connected with the relay device, via one of the ring ports and a frame, whose destination is the terminal connected with the relay device, via the communication bus, the relay device determines whether the frames match. If the frames match, the relay device transfers the matched frame to the terminal via the common port.