Aspects of present disclosure include devices within a transmission path of streamed content forwarding received data packets of the stream to the next device or “hop” in the path prior to buffering the data packet at the device. In this method, typical buffering of the data stream may therefore occur at the destination device for presentation at a consuming device, while the devices along the transmission path may transmit a received packet before buffering. Further, devices along the path may also buffer the content stream after forwarding to fill subsequent requests for dropped data packets of the content stream. Also, in response to receiving the request for the content stream, a device may first transmit a portion of the contents of the gateway buffer to the requesting device to fill a respective buffer at the receiving device.

Aspects of present disclosure include devices within a transmission path of streamed content forwarding received data packets of the stream to the next device or “hop” in the path prior to buffering the data packet at the device. In this method, typical buffering of the data stream may therefore occur at the destination device for presentation at a consuming device, while the devices along the transmission path may transmit a received packet before buffering. Further, devices along the path may also buffer the content stream after forwarding to fill subsequent requests for dropped data packets of the content stream. Also, in response to receiving the request for the content stream, a device may first transmit a portion of the contents of the gateway buffer to the requesting device to fill a respective buffer at the receiving device.

Systems and methods include receiving a plurality of symbols that are part of a defined Digital Signal Processing (DSP) frame for coherent optical communication, wherein the DSP frame structure has a messaging channel incorporated therein that includes a subset of the plurality of symbols; capturing multiple samples of the messaging channel; and determining a message in the messaging channel based on analysis of the multiple samples. The method can further include transmitting, in the messaging channel, a reply to the message with the reply being repeated multiple times. The analysis is performed prior to Forward Error Correction (FEC) decoding on the data path.

Systems and methods include receiving a plurality of symbols that are part of a defined Digital Signal Processing (DSP) frame for coherent optical communication, wherein the DSP frame structure has a messaging channel incorporated therein that includes a subset of the plurality of symbols; capturing multiple samples of the messaging channel; and determining a message in the messaging channel based on analysis of the multiple samples. The method can further include transmitting, in the messaging channel, a reply to the message with the reply being repeated multiple times. The analysis is performed prior to Forward Error Correction (FEC) decoding on the data path.

A transmission device (10) includes a flow table (11) that stores identification information about an uninterruptible target flow; a transmission-side identification unit (12) that identifies whether a received packet is from the target flow or a non-target flow based on whether the received packet matches the identification information about the target flow stored in the flow table (11); a tag application unit (13) that applies, to packets from the target flow, an uninterruptible identifier indicating that the packets are from the target flow and a sequence number for distinguishing the packets from other packets; and a branch unit (14) that branches the packets from the target flow processed by the tag application unit (13) into packets to be transferred to an active path (41) among redundant routes and packets to be transferred to a backup path (42) among the redundant routes.

A transmission device (10) includes a flow table (11) that stores identification information about an uninterruptible target flow; a transmission-side identification unit (12) that identifies whether a received packet is from the target flow or a non-target flow based on whether the received packet matches the identification information about the target flow stored in the flow table (11); a tag application unit (13) that applies, to packets from the target flow, an uninterruptible identifier indicating that the packets are from the target flow and a sequence number for distinguishing the packets from other packets; and a branch unit (14) that branches the packets from the target flow processed by the tag application unit (13) into packets to be transferred to an active path (41) among redundant routes and packets to be transferred to a backup path (42) among the redundant routes.

A communication method and apparatus relating to the field of communication technologies. The method includes a network device receives at least two packets, and aggregates the at least two packets to obtain aggregated packets. Messages to which the at least two packets separately belong have a same message index. The message index is used to index the messages to which the at least two packets separately belong. In the communication method provided in this application, the network device is used to implement aggregation processing, to reduce a communication delay and data redundancy in a communication network.

A communication method and apparatus relating to the field of communication technologies. The method includes a network device receives at least two packets, and aggregates the at least two packets to obtain aggregated packets. Messages to which the at least two packets separately belong have a same message index. The message index is used to index the messages to which the at least two packets separately belong. In the communication method provided in this application, the network device is used to implement aggregation processing, to reduce a communication delay and data redundancy in a communication network.

A system and method to transmit frames from a first node to a second node over a plurality of radio links comprising a classifier to classify said frames according to one of a plurality of flow and a sequence number within said one of said plurality of flow and adding said flow and sequence number in a header of said classified frame a splitter receiving said classified frames from said classifier and distributing said classified frames on one of said plurality of radio links for transmission to said second node, a joiner receiving said classified frames and reordering them using an indexed sequence queue corresponding to each of said plurality of flows, a timer for waiting for frames missing in the sequence in one of said indexed sequence queue, wherein when said timer expires, if said frame has not arrived it is deemed lost and a forwarder to extract frames from said sequence queue to forward.

A method and system of a re-assembly middleware in FPGA for processing TCP segments into application layer messages is disclosed. In recent years, the communication speed in digital systems has increased drastically and thus has brought in a growing need to ensure a good/high performance from the FPGA services. The disclosure proposes a re-assembly middleware in the FPGA for processing TCP segments into application layer messages at a pre-defined frequency for a good/high performance. The pre-defined frequency is a high frequency performance feature of the re-assembly middleware, wherein the FPGA's implementation frequency is at atleast 300 MHz based on a memory optimization technique. The memory optimization technique includes several strategies such registering an output and slicing memories.