A sodium polyacrylate and distilled water composition for fire and smoke prevention, suppression or extinction, and methods of making and using the same.

A wide-area fire-suppression system comprises geographically distributed wind sensors and fire-suppression devices. A computational method and apparatus provides for provisioning a plurality of independent agents, each of the plurality of independent agents associated with a fire-suppression device and configured to operate as a particle in a particle swarm optimization (PSO) implementation. A neighborhood is designated to comprise multiple ones of the plurality of independent agents. Communications are provided between the multiple ones of the plurality of independent agents. Each particle is then configured to optimize a droplet size to improve cooling at a target location, the droplet size being a function of the each particle's historical droplet size and at least one droplet size determined by at least one neighboring particle.

Described herein is a fire containment connector. It includes a female end to connect with a male coupling on a first fire hose and a male end to connect with a female coupling on a second fire hose. The fire containment connector also includes a cylindrical base that routes water from the first fire hose to the second fire hose. A cylindrical section of a sleeve rotates about a main body of the cylindrical base until the fire containment connector is in an open position. An oblong opening in the main body allows water to exit the cylindrical base and enter a hollow protuberance of the sleeve when the oblong opening and the hollow protuberance are aligned. A curved slit in the hollow protuberance expels a fan-shaped spray of water and a wall of water is formed.

There is provided a networked based coordinated wildfire management system for the protection of a community of structures from a wildfire. The systems have hydration plans that provide for the minimal use of water to protect the structures for the wildfire. The hydration plans can be automated adaptive hydration plans that the control system develops to address a specific wildfire threat, and these plans are developed in real time. The systems can have sprinkler towers that are place along roadway and near structures to implement the hydration plan and protect evaluation routes. The systems provide an integrated approach to protection an entire community.

A wildfire protection system is provided comprising a plurality of hose sections arranged in an end-to-end manner in a chain, each section about one foot in length. The system also comprises a plurality of misting heads about 2.5 inches in length each, one each of the plurality of heads positioned between ends of adjacent hose sections. Each misting head receives water at an intake end from a first connecting hose section, expels a portion of the water through at least one opening in each head, and releases a remainder of the received water at a discharge end to a second connecting hose section. The chain receives water at one end and a second end is capped in a half circuit structure. Alternatively the chain receives water at both ends in a closed loop structure, the structure at least directed to evenly distributing water pressure in the chain.

A fire hazard due to Santa Ana winds is mitigated by causing the winds to flow through an evaporative barrier proximate an entrance to a canyon, thereby cooling, humidifying, and slowing the winds. Water applied to the barrier can be drawn by a pump from an underlying aquifer. Power for the pump can be provided by a windmill positioned in the path of the winds, and/or by solar panels. A mat containing seeds and/or seedlings and super absorbent polymer (SAP) can be positioned upwind or downwind of the evaporative barrier, and water can be applied to the mat, causing the winds to pass through the resulting vegetation, thereby further slowing and humidifying the winds. A thermally conductive network can cool the mat by conducting heat from the mat to the evaporative barrier. Brackish water can be directed to a desalination apparatus, and thence as fresh water to the mat.

Water control valves, rooftop rotors, and infrared sensors are installed on a housing structure to perform a series of functions. An application on a mobile device is connected to a controller, the water control valves, rooftop rotors, and infrared sensors. The mobile device, through the application, is configured to receive alerts from the infrared sensors of any approaching fires. In response, the application can activate the water control valves and rooftop rotors. Upon activation, the water control valves and rooftop rotors will be activated to form a barrier around the housing structure.

A fire suppression apparatus having a control base having a solenoid valve configured to be in fluid communication with a water supply, and a pump configured to be in fluid communication with the solenoid valve, a distribution line in fluid communication with the pump, a nozzle in fluid communication with the distribution line, wherein the nozzle is configured to emit a water curtain, and a flame sensor in electrical communication with the control base, wherein the flame sensor is configured to send a signal to the control base to open the solenoid valve and activate the pump upon detecting a flame, such that water from the water supply is pumped through the distribution line and emitted through the nozzle. Each water curtain may have a compact region configured to be impermeable to gases which may cover an opening in a building to slow or prevent the spread of a fire.