This application provides a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: A network device pre-allocates a first identifier to a terminal device. When the terminal device has a requirement for adjusting the first identifier, the terminal device may send a first message carrying first information to the network device, to request the network device to adjust the first identifier. According to the method and the apparatus in this application, the identifier of the terminal device may be flexibly adjusted.

An access point that detects a duplicate address is described. During operation, the access point may receive a request associated with an electronic device, where the request includes an address of the electronic device (such as an IP address). In response, the access point may perform a comparison of the address to stored addresses of one or more electronic devices that are associated with the access point. When the comparison indicates that the address is in use by another electronic device in the one or more electronic devices, the access point may provide a response addressed to the electronic device that indicates that the address is in use. Otherwise, the access point may check with a remainder of a network to see if the address is in use. If the address is in use, the access point may provide the response.

An electronic device includes a communication processor; a processor connected to the communication processor; and a memory connected to the processor and the communication processor. The memory stores a domain name system (DNS) table, first instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to: generate a first DNS query message including a domain address based on execution of a networking service; and deliver the first DNS query message to the communication processor, and second instructions that, when executed, cause the communication processor to update the DNS table by periodically receiving a first DNS response message including an IP address corresponding to the domain address, as a response to the first DNS query message, delivering the first DNS response message to the processor; transmitting a second DNS query message including the domain address to the network, and receiving a second DNS response message, as a response to the second DNS query message.

Embodiments provide an access point (AP) that includes a set of one or more base-station functions configured to connect a user equipment (UE) to the AP over a wireless communication interface; and a set of one or more core-network functions configured to provide services to the UE. The AP allocates an Internet Protocol (IP) address to the UE by using at least one Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server that is external to the AP.

Embodiments identify a station that rotates an over the air station address. As address rotation was not originally designed into wireless networks, the rotation can introduce communication challenges for the station. The embodiments derive that traffic referencing two different over the air station addresses are associated with a single common station. This is accomplished by determining a similarity between properties of two sets of traffic. A first set of traffic references the first over the air station address and a second set of traffic references the second over the air station address. If the properties common across the two sets of traffic indicate sufficient similarity, the embodiments determine that both sets of traffic are associated with a single device. Network configuration of the device is then adjusted based on the determination.

The disclosure is directed to, among other things, systems and methods for associating website visitors with a sticky dynamic internet protocol (IP) address. An example method may include identifying one or more first web-based cookies associated with a first IP address or one or more first user agents associated with the first IP address as being received by a web server associated with a website. The example method may also include determining a density measurement for the first IP address, the density measurement being a maximum number of the one or more first web-based cookies or the one or more first user agents that are identified as being received at the web server at a single time. The example method may also include determining that the density measurement is less than or equal to a threshold value. The example method may also include determining, based on the density measurement being less than or equal to the threshold value, that the first IP address is a first sticky dynamic IP address.

A system for publishing a plurality of Domain Name System (DNS) records for a domain name, the system comprising: a record selection module for obtaining selected data of registry data associated with the domain name in a registry database; a DNS Security (DNSSEC) signing system having at least one signing module for digitally signing the selected data of the registry data, the digitally signing using one or more signing keys (SK) to generate a signed DNS record, the one or more signing keys associated with the registry data of the domain name; a distribution system for coordinating the publishing of a set of DNS records in the DNS by facilitating transmitting of the set of DNS records to one or more authoritative servers of the DNS in a transmission path that bypasses storing of the signed DNS record in the registry database, the set of DNS records generated based on a signing identifier on how to generate the set of DNS records by either: a) sending the selected data to the DNSSEC signing system for subsequent direct inclusion as the signed DNS record in the set of DNS records by the DNSSEC signing system using a set of generation instructions; or b) including the selected data as an unsigned DNS record in the set of DNS records by the distribution system using the set of generation instructions, wherein the transmission path also bypasses the at least one signing module of the DNSSEC signing system.

Methods and systems for Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation optimization. A method includes a data collector collecting IP address information from sources of IP address inventory and an optimization controller generating a data set from the collected IP address information, minimizing IP address allocations for network components in a network using IP address allocation and IP address utilization for a network component from the data set, minimizing IP address inventory costs using IP address inventory and IP address utilization from the data set and IP address transactional costs, tracking the IP address inventory, sending configuration information to network component(s) to change respective IP address allocations based on minimized IP address allocation, sending transaction information to IP address provider(s) to change the IP address inventory based on minimized IP address inventory costs, and performing the above on a defined interval.

A domain name access method and a device are described. As described herein, a domain name server (DNS) server performs resolution on a domain name requested by the terminal device. The DNS server may then send an internet protocol (IP) address of an application server obtained through the resolution and use condition information to the terminal device. With this, communication efficiency of the terminal device can be improved, and waste of transmission resources in a communications system is also avoided.

Systems, methods, and devices for performing targeted filtering of network traffic generated by user equipment (UE) devices connected to a customer premise equipment (CPE) device in a communication system that includes a distributed residential gateway. A network server may determine that the communication system includes a UE device that is compromised, misconfigured, or operating outside normal communication parameters, identify the UE device, determine an Internet protocol (IP) address or a media access control (MAC) address of the identified UE device, generate a quarantine request message that includes the IP address or the MAC address of the identified UE device in response to determining that the preconfigured virtual local area network access control list (VACL) on the CPE lists source IP addresses from which the CPE will filter outbound traffic, and send the generated quarantine request message to a bridged residential gateway (BRG) associated with the CPE device.