A local area network includes plural content delivery network CDN receiver devices so as to enable player-equipped terminals in the local area network to receive audio and/or video contents. The disclosed method includes: obtaining capacity information from the CDN receiver devices; selecting, according to the capacity information, at least one CDN receiver device for a session of delivering an audio and/or video content to the player; when the session ends, the selected at least one CDN receiver device holds in place, during a predefined time duration, processing resources for a potential upcoming session; when another session starts before expiry of the predefined time duration, the processing resources hold in place are used for the new session. And when another session starts after expiry of the predefined time duration, reselection of at least one CDN receiver device, according to updated capacity information, is performed.

A method for fetching a content from a web server to a client device is disclosed, using tunnel devices serving as intermediate devices. The tunnel device is selected based on an attribute, such as IP Geolocation. A tunnel bank server stores a list of available tunnels that may be used, associated with values of various attribute types. The tunnel devices initiate communication with the tunnel bank server, and stays connected to it, for allowing a communication session initiated by the tunnel bank server. Upon receiving a request from a client to a content and for specific attribute types and values, a tunnel is selected by the tunnel bank server, and is used as a tunnel for retrieving the required content from the web server, using standard protocol such as SOCKS, WebSocket or HTTP Proxy. The client only communicates with a super proxy server that manages the content fetching scheme.

A method for fetching a content from a web server to a client device is disclosed, using tunnel devices serving as intermediate devices. The tunnel device is selected based on an attribute, such as IP Geolocation. A tunnel bank server stores a list of available tunnels that may be used, associated with values of various attribute types. The tunnel devices initiate communication with the tunnel bank server, and stays connected to it, for allowing a communication session initiated by the tunnel bank server. Upon receiving a request from a client to a content and for specific attribute types and values, a tunnel is selected by the tunnel bank server, and is used as a tunnel for retrieving the required content from the web server, using standard protocol such as SOCKS, WebSocket or HTTP Proxy. The client only communicates with a super proxy server that manages the content fetching scheme.

A session control apparatus, a session control method, and a session control program may maintain a quality of input data output to a processing module. The processing module has a defined condition regarding a quality of the input data. The session control apparatus includes an extraction unit, a selection unit, and a switching unit. The extraction unit extracts a plurality of candidates of devices. The selection unit selects at least one device from the plurality of candidates of devices. The switching unit switches the device that outputs the input data to the processing module to the at least one device selected by the selection unit. Each of the plurality of candidates of devices outputs input data satisfying the condition.

A session control apparatus, a session control method, and a session control program may maintain a quality of input data output to a processing module. The processing module has a defined condition regarding a quality of the input data. The session control apparatus includes an extraction unit, a selection unit, and a switching unit. The extraction unit extracts a plurality of candidates of devices. The selection unit selects at least one device from the plurality of candidates of devices. The switching unit switches the device that outputs the input data to the processing module to the at least one device selected by the selection unit. Each of the plurality of candidates of devices outputs input data satisfying the condition.

Methods performed in a core network (110) for dynamically handling access and mobility service areas with different capabilities in a communication system (100) are disclosed. The methods are carried out in an AMF node (111), a UDM node (112), a PCF node (113) and a SMF node (115). The UDM node (112) configures Service Area Restriction (SAR) data in a subscription data for a UE (120). The SAR data includes a number of service areas allowed or restricted for the UE and, for each service area, a service area identifier, a service area type and a service area definition. The PCF node configures a Service Area Definition (SAD) rule for a UE. The SAD rule comprises a service area definition and an indication of a set of service area characteristics enabled in the service area. During a registration procedure, the SAR data and SAD rule may be provided to the AMF node upon request for a UE communication. The AMF node then takes actions for the UE communication based on anyone of the SAR data, the SAD rule and local policies at the AMF node. During a session management procedure, the SMF node (115) receives service area related information with a service area identifier and a service area type from the AMF node, and receives the SAD rule from the PCF node. The SMF node (115) then take actions for the UE communication based on the SAD rule, the information received from the AMF node (111) and/or local policies at the SMF node.

Example security systems for use between at least one upstream router and at least one downstream router, are described. A group or pool of security devices can be used to provide stateful security to bidirectional packet flows between upstream and downstream routers. The packets of the bidirectional flows are forwarded to particular security devices based on a consistent hash ring process. For a given flow, bidirectional state information is synchronized among some, but not all, of the security devices. The security devices among which such bidirectional flow state information is shared are determined using the same consistent hash ring process.

Techniques are disclosed herein for identifying, recording and restoring the state of a database session and various aspects thereof. A session template data structure is generated that includes session attribute values describing various aspects of the session that is established between a client system and a database management system (DBMS and enables the client system to issue to the DBMS commands for execution. Based on the session attribute values, DBMS may generate a template identifier corresponding to the session template data structure. The template identifier may be stored in an association with the session state that it partially (or in whole) represents. In an embodiment, when another state of a session is captured, if the template identifier for the state is the same, then rather than storing the attribute-value pairs for the other state, the template identifier is further associated with the other state. In an embodiment, a request boundary is detected where the session is known to be at a recoverable point. If recovery of the session is needed, the session state is restored, and replay of commands start from this point. Each command replayed is verified to produce the same session state as it produced at original execution. If the session is determined to be a safe point, then all the commands recorded for replay prior to the safe point may be deleted. In an embodiment, the template is used to set the initial state when borrowing from a session pool The state tracking is also used to know that the session can be failed over safely during planned operation as the session is unlikely to drain by itself even when not used.

Techniques are disclosed herein for identifying, recording and restoring the state of a database session and various aspects thereof. A session template data structure is generated that includes session attribute values describing various aspects of the session that is established between a client system and a database management system (DBMS and enables the client system to issue to the DBMS commands for execution. Based on the session attribute values, DBMS may generate a template identifier corresponding to the session template data structure. The template identifier may be stored in an association with the session state that it partially (or in whole) represents. In an embodiment, when another state of a session is captured, if the template identifier for the state is the same, then rather than storing the attribute-value pairs for the other state, the template identifier is further associated with the other state. In an embodiment, a request boundary is detected where the session is known to be at a recoverable point. If recovery of the session is needed, the session state is restored, and replay of commands start from this point. Each command replayed is verified to produce the same session state as it produced at original execution. If the session is determined to be a safe point, then all the commands recorded for replay prior to the safe point may be deleted. In an embodiment, the template is used to set the initial state when borrowing from a session pool The state tracking is also used to know that the session can be failed over safely during planned operation as the session is unlikely to drain by itself even when not used.

A system designed for increasing network communication speed for users, while lowering network congestion for content owners and ISPs. The system employs network elements including an acceleration server, clients, agents, and peers, where communication requests generated by applications are intercepted by the client on the same machine. The IP address of the server in the communication request is transmitted to the acceleration server, which provides a list of agents to use for this IP address. The communication request is sent to the agents. One or more of the agents respond with a list of peers that have previously seen some or all of the content which is the response to this request (after checking whether this data is still valid). The client then downloads the data from these peers in parts and in parallel, thereby speeding up the Web transfer, releasing congestion from the Web by fetching the information from multiple sources, and relieving traffic from Web servers by offloading the data transfers from them to nearby peers.