An image forming system includes: an image-data transmission unit that transmits image data; and an image-data receiving unit that receives the image data, the image-data transmission unit being connected to the image-data receiving unit through a transmission path having lanes used for a color machine, at the time of image data transmission, the image-data transmission unit adding an error check code to image data, and transmitting the image data to the image-data receiving unit, in a first unit of the image data, the image-data receiving unit calculating an error check code in the first unit, comparing the calculated error check code with the error check code transmitted, and when the calculated error check code disagrees with the error check code transmitted, transmitting an error to the image-data transmission unit, and when the image-data transmission unit receives the error, the image-data transmission unit retransmitting image data corresponding to the error.

An example embodiment may involve obtaining (i) an a×b attribute macro-cell, and (ii) a×b pixel macro-cells for each of a luminance plane, a first color plane, and a second color plane of an input image. The a×b pixel macro-cells may each contain 4 non-overlapping m×n pixel cells. The example embodiment may also involve determining 4 attribute-plane output values that represent the 4 non-overlapping m×n attribute cells, 1 to 4 luminance-plane output values that represent the a×b pixel macro-cell of the luminance plane, a first color-plane output value to represent the a×b pixel macro-cell of the first color plane, and a second color-plane output value to represent the a×b pixel macro-cell of the second color plane. The example embodiment may further involve writing an interleaved representation of the output values to a computer-readable output medium.

An example embodiment may involve obtaining (i) an a×b attribute macro-cell, and (ii) a×b pixel macro-cells for each of a luminance plane, a first color plane, and a second color plane of an input image. The a×b pixel macro-cells may each contain 4 non-overlapping m×n pixel cells. The example embodiment may also involve determining 4 attribute-plane output values that represent the 4 non-overlapping m×n attribute cells, 1 to 4 luminance-plane output values that represent the a×b pixel macro-cell of the luminance plane, a first color-plane output value to represent the a×b pixel macro-cell of the first color plane, and a second color-plane output value to represent the a×b pixel macro-cell of the second color plane. The example embodiment may further involve writing an interleaved representation of the output values to a computer-readable output medium.

For obtaining robust luminance dynamic range conversion in particular in coding technologies for defining a second image look from a first one, we describe an image color processing apparatus (205) arranged to transform an input color (R,G,B) of a pixel of an input image (Im_in) having a first luminance dynamic range into an output color (Rs, Gs, Bs) of a pixel of an output image (Im_res) having a second luminance dynamic range, which first and second dynamic ranges differ in extent by at least a multiplicative factor 2, comprising: -a color transformer (100) arranged to transform the input into the output color, the color transformer having a capability to locally process colors depending on a spatial location (x,y) of the pixel in the input image (Im_in); -wherein the color processing apparatus (205) comprises a geometric situation metadata reading unit (203) arranged to analyze received data (220) indicating that a geometric transformation has taken place between an original image (Im_orig), on which geometric location data (S) was determined for enabling a receiver of that geometric location data to determine at least one region of the original image, and the input image.

For obtaining robust luminance dynamic range conversion in particular in coding technologies for defining a second image look from a first one, we describe an image color processing apparatus (205) arranged to transform an input color (R,G,B) of a pixel of an input image (Im_in) having a first luminance dynamic range into an output color (Rs, Gs, Bs) of a pixel of an output image (Im_res) having a second luminance dynamic range, which first and second dynamic ranges differ in extent by at least a multiplicative factor 2, comprising: -a color transformer (100) arranged to transform the input into the output color, the color transformer having a capability to locally process colors depending on a spatial location (x,y) of the pixel in the input image (Im_in); -wherein the color processing apparatus (205) comprises a geometric situation metadata reading unit (203) arranged to analyze received data (220) indicating that a geometric transformation has taken place between an original image (Im_orig), on which geometric location data (S) was determined for enabling a receiver of that geometric location data to determine at least one region of the original image, and the input image.

A method may include: receiving facial image of the patient that depicts the patient's teeth; receiving a 3D model of the patient's teeth; determining color palette of the depiction of the patient's teeth; coding 3D model of the patient's teeth based on attributes of the 3D model; providing the 3D model, the color palette, and the coded 3D model to a neural network; processing the 3D model, the color palette, and the coded 3D model by the neural network to generate a processed image of the patient's teeth; simulating specular highlights on the processed image of the patient's teeth; and inserting the processed image of the patient's teeth into a mouth opening of the facial image.

An image forming apparatus includes a table generating unit. The table generating unit, in a Voronoi diagram, obtains empty circles as circles centered at Voronoi seeds of ends of Voronoi sides that intersect with a straight line passing through a largest saturation color and a smallest-saturation and specific-lightness color and passes through generatrices. After the table generating unit sets one of the generatrices shared by the two adjacent empty circles whose radius ratio is outside a specific range as a target point, and causes the radius ratio of the two empty circles to be within the specific range by changing at least one radius of the two empty circles, the table generating unit generates the conversion table that sets a color that corresponds to an intersection point corresponding to the target point among the intersection points of the two empty circles, as the definition colors.

An information processing apparatus connected to an image forming unit that forms an image based on image data and a reading unit that reads an image as image data is provided. The apparatus acquires a pixel count of image data formed by pixels; encodes the at least one color component and the pixel count to be multiplexed on the image data; outputs the image data to the image forming unit; restores the multiplexed at least one color component and the multiplexed pixel count from the image data read by the reading unit; and replaces the pixels of the pixel count of a color component corresponding to the at least one color component included in the image data and restored from the image data.

An encoder including processing hardware for encoding input data (D1), for example image and/or video data (D1), to generate corresponding encoded data (E2), wherein the input data (D1) is provided in a first data format, for example a first color space. The processing hardware of the encoder is operable to transform the input data (D1) from the first data format into at least one second data format, for example a second color space, and to encode the transformed data from the at least one second data format to generate the encoded data (E2), wherein the encoded data (E2) also includes information that is indicative of one or more transformations and/or data formats employed to transform the input data (D1) from the first data format into the at least one second data format.

A method of encoding a digital video, comprising receiving a high dynamic range (HDR) master of a video, a reference standard dynamic range (SDR) master of the video, and target SDR display properties at an encoder, finding a color volume transform that converts HDR values from the HDR master into SDR values that, when converted for display on the target SDR display, are substantially similar to SDR values in the reference SDR master, converting HDR values from the HDR master into SDR values using the color volume transform, generating metadata items that identifies the color volume transform to decoders, and encoding the SDR values into a bitstream.