A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: dividing three-dimensional points included in point cloud data into processing units each of which includes one or more of the three-dimensional points; and encoding attribute information of a current three-dimensional point included in a current processing unit, by reference to an encoded processing unit, to generate a bitstream.

A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: dividing three-dimensional points included in point cloud data into processing units each of which includes one or more of the three-dimensional points; and encoding attribute information of a current three-dimensional point included in a current processing unit, by reference to an encoded processing unit, to generate a bitstream.

A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: obtaining an attribute information item of a three-dimensional point; executing an encoding process that executes a transform process on a numerical value indicated by the attribute information item and encodes the attribute information item or that encodes the attribute information item without executing the transform process, the transform process performing at least one of scaling or offset, the scaling performing at least one of a multiplication and division operation or a shift operation, the offset performing an addition and subtraction operation; and generating a bitstream including the attribute information item encoded and a transform identification information item indicating whether the transform process has been executed.

Disclosed are an apparatus and a method of encoding/decoding a video, particularly a method and an apparatus for storing a quantization parameter differential value in a largest coding unit (LCU) based on quadtree splitting and adaptively predicting a quantization parameter value based on context information on neighboring CUs. Quadtree-based quantization parameter encoding and decoding methods and apparatuses effectively show information on a block having a quantization parameter differential value based on splitting information on a CU and adaptively predict a quantization parameter value using context information including a block size, block partition and a quantization parameter of a neighboring CU.

Disclosed are an apparatus and a method of encoding/decoding a video, particularly a method and an apparatus for storing a quantization parameter differential value in a largest coding unit (LCU) based on quadtree splitting and adaptively predicting a quantization parameter value based on context information on neighboring CUs. Quadtree-based quantization parameter encoding and decoding methods and apparatuses effectively show information on a block having a quantization parameter differential value based on splitting information on a CU and adaptively predict a quantization parameter value using context information including a block size, block partition and a quantization parameter of a neighboring CU.

Techniques for coding and deriving (e.g., determining) one or more coded-block-flags associated with video content are described herein. A coded-block-flag of a last node may be determined when coded-block-flags of preceding nodes are determined to be a particular value and when a predetermined condition is satisfied. In some instances, the predetermined condition may be satisfied when log.sub.2(size of current transform unit) is less than log.sub.2(size of maximum transform unit) or log.sub.2(size of current coding unit) is less than or equal to log.sub.2(size of maximum transform unit)+1. The preceding nodes may be nodes that precede the last node on a particular level in a residual tree.

Techniques for coding and deriving (e.g., determining) one or more coded-block-flags associated with video content are described herein. A coded-block-flag of a last node may be determined when coded-block-flags of preceding nodes are determined to be a particular value and when a predetermined condition is satisfied. In some instances, the predetermined condition may be satisfied when log.sub.2(size of current transform unit) is less than log.sub.2(size of maximum transform unit) or log.sub.2(size of current coding unit) is less than or equal to log.sub.2(size of maximum transform unit)+1. The preceding nodes may be nodes that precede the last node on a particular level in a residual tree.

An encoding method includes determining video format information, (i) setting each of all frames or all fields which are included in the video, as a picture, regardless of whether the video format is the interlace format or the progressive format, (ii) setting a POC indicating display order to each of all of the set pictures one by one, the POC being different each other, and encoding a picture to be encoded which is the frame or the field with reference to a picture previously encoded before encoding the picture to be encoded. In the encoding, the video is encoded with a syntax structure which is not dependent on the video format, the video format information is encoded in a header of a sequence which is a unit of the video, and the encoded bit stream is generated.

An encoding method includes determining video format information, (i) setting each of all frames or all fields which are included in the video, as a picture, regardless of whether the video format is the interlace format or the progressive format, (ii) setting a POC indicating display order to each of all of the set pictures one by one, the POC being different each other, and encoding a picture to be encoded which is the frame or the field with reference to a picture previously encoded before encoding the picture to be encoded. In the encoding, the video is encoded with a syntax structure which is not dependent on the video format, the video format information is encoded in a header of a sequence which is a unit of the video, and the encoded bit stream is generated.

A video processing method is provided. A target video frame is obtained from a video. A target data block is determined from the target video frame. Data block indicator information of the target data block is determined based on a scene complexity of the target data block. The target data block is divided into a plurality of subdata blocks. Subblock indicator information of the subdata blocks are determined based on scene complexities of the subdata blocks. An encoding mode for the target data block is determined according to the data block indicator information and the subblock indicator information. The target data block is encoded according to the determined encoding mode.