Fluorescence imaging with reduced fixed pattern noise is disclosed. A method includes actuating an emitter to emit a plurality of pulses of electromagnetic radiation and sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation resulting from the plurality of pulses of electromagnetic radiation with a pixel array of an image sensor to generate a plurality of exposure frames. The method includes applying edge enhancement to edges within an exposure frame of the plurality of exposure frames. The method is such that at least a portion of the plurality of pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises one or more of electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from about 795 nm to about 815 nm.

An imaging device that images a disease site as a subject includes a camera body, a light unit that is provided in the camera body and includes a first light source and a second light source that have different characteristics, and a filter unit that includes at least one independent filter capable of being positioned on and retracted from an optical axis of the camera body. The imaging device performs continuous imaging by imaging in a state in which the subject is illuminated with light from the first light source and, via a first mode, the filter is positioned on or retracted from the optical axis and, thereafter, imaging in a state in which the subject is illuminated with light from the second light source and, via a second mode that differs from the first mode, the filter is positioned on or retracted from the optical axis.

An image correction method for correcting multiple original images captured under illumination by multiple different light source colors in generating a composite image by superposing the original images, includes obtaining a correction amount for correcting a position of a fiducial mark recognized from a reference image of a specific light source color in reference images of the multiple different light source colors; obtaining correction amounts for correcting positions of the fiducial mark recognized from the reference images of other light source colors than a specific light source color to the reference position in the reference image of the specific light source color; and when the original images are captured, correcting collectively distortion aberration and chromatic aberration of the original images of the multiple different light source colors using the correction amounts associated with the multiple different light source colors.

Provided is an imaging apparatus that captures a multispectral image of four bands or more. An imaging apparatus (1) includes an imaging optical system (10), an image sensor (100), and a signal processing unit (200). The imaging optical system (10) includes a bandpass filter unit (16) of which at least one of aperture regions transmits light beams of a plurality of wavelength ranges, and a polarization filter unit (18) that polarizes the light beams transmitted through the bandpass filter unit (16) in a plurality of directions, in a vicinity of a pupil thereof. The image sensor (100) receives light beams transmitted through a plurality of types of spectral filter elements and a plurality of types of polarization filter elements. The signal processing unit (200) processes signals output from the image sensor (100) to generate a plurality of image signals. In the imaging apparatus (1), the number of transmission wavelength ranges of at least one of the aperture regions of the bandpass filter unit (16) is equal to or less than the number of transmission wavelength ranges of the spectral filter element.

Systems, methods, and devices for laser mapping and color imaging with increased dynamic range are disclosed. A system includes an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation and an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation, wherein the pixel array comprises a plurality of pixels each configurable as a short exposure pixel or a long exposure pixel. The system includes a controller comprising a processor in electrical communication with the image sensor and the emitter. The system is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises a laser mapping pattern.

A color imaging apparatus includes a filter having a meta surface, and configured to transmit only light in a first spectral region, a second spectral region and a third spectral region in a time sequence, a monochrome sensor on which the filter is disposed, and configured to acquire three different monochrome images in the time sequence by being consecutively exposed three times in synchronization with the filter, and a processor configured to acquire one color image by merging the three different monochrome images.

Introduced here are computer programs and associated computer-implemented techniques for determining reflectance of an image on a per-pixel basis. More specifically, a characterization module can initially acquire a first data set generated by a multi-channel light source and a second data set generated by a multi-channel image sensor. The first data set may specify the illuminance of each channel of the multi-channel light source (which may be able to produce visible light and/or non-visible light), while the second data set may specify the response of each sensor channel of the multi-channel image sensor (which is configured to capture an image in conjunction with the light). Thus, the characterization module may determine reflectance based on illuminance and sensor response. The characterization module may also be configured to determine illuminance based on reflectance and sensor response, or determine sensor response based on illuminance and reflectance.

A hyperspectral camera based on a continuously variable film filter and a coating method thereof can solve interference between partial bands of the hyperspectral camera based on the continuously variable film filter. The hyperspectral camera includes: a camera body and a detector chip, wherein a continuously variable film is coated on the detector chip; a semi-transmission half-cut filter is provided in front of the continuously variable film, and a distance between the semi-transmission half-cut filter and the continuously variable film is 0 mm. According to the present invention, the semi-transparent half-cut filter and the detector chip are integrated without any gap therebetween. As a result, optical interference caused by incident light sequentially passing through the semi-transparent half-cut filter and the detector chip is greatly reduced, which can reduce distortion of spectral signals, and finally satisfy wide-band application requirements which can be truly realized based on such technology.

Pulsed fluorescence imaging in a light deficient environment is disclosed. A system includes an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation and an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation. The system includes a controller configured to synchronize timing of the emitter and the image sensor. The system is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from about 795 nm to about 815 nm.

An endoscope system including: a light source that generates illuminating light; a controller that receives a light control signal and controls the illuminating light; a light receiving unit having pixels in a matrix; a reading unit that sequentially reads an electrical signal for each line; and an imaging controller that repeats read processing to sequentially read, for each line, the electrical signal from the light receiving unit, and exposure processing for exposing the light receiving unit. Where a blanking period is a time from completion of reading of a last line for a preceding frame to start of reading of a first line for a following frame and a read period is a time from a start of reading of a first line for a frame to completion of reading of a last line of the frame such that the blanking period can be changed without changing the read period.