An imaging device and a method of imaging are disclosed. The device includes an array of liquid crystal cells, each providing a phase shift to electromagnetic radiation passing through the cell; control electronics for controlling the phase shifts provided by each of the liquid crystal cells; a detector; and an image processor for generating an image from electromagnetic radiation detected by the detector. The array of cells form a plurality of patches; and the control electronics is configured to control the phase shifts of the cells of each patch to form each patch into a respective lens that focuses electromagnetic radiation towards the detector such that the patches form an array of lenses. A method of imaging is also disclosed.

A plenoptic camera for mobile devices is provided, having a main lens, a microlens array, an image sensor, and a first reflective element configured to reflect the light rays captured by the plenoptic camera before arriving at the image sensor, in order to fold the optical path of the light captured by the camera before impinging the image sensor. Additional reflective elements may also be used to further fold the light path inside the camera. The reflective elements can be prisms, mirrors or reflective surfaces of three-sided optical elements having two refractive surfaces that form a lens element of the main lens. By equipping mobile devices with this plenoptic camera, the focal length can be greatly increased while maintaining the thickness of the mobile device under current constraints.

A process and an apparatus are described for the plenoptic capture of photographic or cinematographic images of an object or a 3D scene (10) of interest, both based on correlated light emitting source and correlation measurement, along the line of “Correlation Plenoptic Imaging” (CPI). A first image sensor (D.sub.a) and a second image sensor (D.sub.b) detect images along a path of a first light beam (a) and a second light beam (b), respectively. A processing unit (100) of the intensities detected by the synchronized image sensors (D.sub.a, D.sub.b) is configured to retrieve the propagation direction of light by measuring spatio-temporal correlations between light intensities detected in the image planes of at least two arbitrary planes (P′, P″; D′.sub.b, D″.sub.a) chosen in the vicinity of the object or within the 3D scene (10).

An image sensor includes a plurality of lens elements, each lens element of the plurality of lens elements including a plurality of scatterers arranged to concentrate light incident on the image sensor; and a sensing element configured to sense light passing through the plurality of lens elements, wherein one lens element of the plurality of lens elements has a first focal length that is different from a second focal length of another lens element of the plurality of lens elements and is separated from the sensing element by the first focal length.

A method of characterizing an imaging system includes generating a plurality of point spread function (“PSF”) samples using the imaging system, each PSF sample representing a response of an imaging system to a point illumination source, each PSF sample comprising one or more pixel values. The method also includes co-registering the pixel values contained in each of the plurality of PSF samples to form an oversampled point spread function (“PSF”) population; resampling the oversampled PSF population to uniform spacing to form a PSF image; slicing the PSF image in an evaluation direction to form a slice of the PSF image; and evaluating the slice to determine a value of a resolution metric of the imaging system that is specific to the evaluation direction.

An outside viewing device for a vehicle, having a camera that is housed in a casing having a frontal wall through which there passes an imaging window, and an internal partition which is parallel to the frontal wall and through which there passes an opening next to the imaging window. In addition, two peripheral wiper seals, disposed at the periphery of the window and the opening, delimit a guide in which a transparent screen slides, in a sealed manner, between at least two imaging positions, in each of which different surface portions of the screen are positioned next to the imaging window. Finally, a device for moving the screen is designed to slide the latter between its different positions.

Disclosed are systems and methods for manufacturing energy relays for energy directing systems and Transverse Anderson Localization. Systems and methods include providing first and second component engineered structures with first and second sets of engineered properties and forming a medium using the first component engineered structure and the second component engineered structure. The forming step includes randomizing a first engineered property in a first orientation of the medium resulting in a first variability of that engineered property in that plane, and the values of the second engineered property allowing for a variation of the first engineered property in a second orientation of the medium, where the variation of the first engineered property in the second orientation is less than the variation of the first engineered property in the first orientation.

An imaging section includes a plurality of pixel output units that receive subject light that enters without going through an imaging lens and a pinhole. Output pixels of at least two of the plurality of pixel output units differ in incident angle directivity as a result of modulation of the incident angle directivity based on the incident angle of the subject light. A defective pixel detection section detects a defective pixel of the imaging section on the basis of pixel outputs of the imaging section. The defective pixel detection section discriminates a defective pixel that has produced a pixel output whose signal level is larger than or smaller than a threshold range. The image conversion section performs restoration computations by using pixel outputs generated for the respective pixels other than that of the defective pixel and a coefficient set stored in the coefficient storage section, thus generating a restored image.

Disclosed embodiments include an energy directing device having one or more energy relay elements configured to direct energy from one or more energy locations through the device. In an embodiment, surfaces of the one or more energy relay elements may form a singular seamless energy surface where a separation between adjacent energy relay element surfaces is less than a minimum perceptible contour. In disclosed embodiments, energy is produced at energy locations having an active energy surface and a mechanical envelope. In an embodiment, the energy directing device is configured to relay energy from the energy locations through the singular seamless energy surface while minimizing separation between energy locations due to their mechanical envelope. In embodiments, the energy relay elements may comprise energy relays utilizing transverse Anderson localization phenomena.

An imaging device may code light, passing through an imaging optical lens arranged in a multi-lens array (MLA), and may transmit the light to a sensing element, and the sensing element may restore an image based on sensed information.