A communication method is provided for performance by a first network function entity. The communication method includes determining a service zone ID, transmitting information including the service zone ID to a second network function entity, where the service zone ID is used for the second network function entity to select a service producer instance from a service producer.

A communication method is provided for performance by a first network function entity. The communication method includes determining a service zone ID, transmitting information including the service zone ID to a second network function entity, where the service zone ID is used for the second network function entity to select a service producer instance from a service producer.

A method of authenticating a mobile station on an alternate communications network is disclosed, the mobile station being associated with a default communications network. The mobile station comprises a baseband processor to manage the antenna-related functions and a SIM card to accommodate a default SIM associated with the default communications network for receiving network credentials from the baseband processor. The method comprises providing a SIM card device to intercept communications between the baseband processor and the SIM card, monitoring the network credentials in respect of the network that the mobile station is actively in communication with, determining whether the mobile station needs to switch to an alternate network, and identifying or receiving from a user the alternate network, consulting a SIM bank, comprising at least one alternate SIM, and selecting an alternate SIM having a mobile station identification variable compatible with the alternate network, receiving a network authentication request on the mobile station from the alternate network, and allocating the selected mobile station identification variable to the mobile station so as to identify the user of the mobile station on the alternate network.

Certain embodiments generally relate to mobile communications networks, such as, but not limited to, the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN), Long Term Evolution (LTE) Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), LTE-A, and/or future mobile network technologies, such as, for example 5th Generation (5G). A method may include detecting, at a mobile network entity, that context information pertaining to a mobile terminal has changed. The method may also include publishing updated context information through implementation of a publish/subscribe mechanism.

A network access method includes transmitting a request for acquiring shared network information to a shared server if a mobile communication terminal detects that a network identification of a PLMN of a visited place does not exist in a local memory of the mobile communication terminal; receiving the shared network information which the shared server transmits in response to the request, and acquiring the network identification of the PLMN of the visited place from the shared network information; adding the network identification of the PLMN of the visited place to an EPLMN list by the mobile communication terminal; and accessing a network according to the EPLMN list.

Provided is a method for saving a standard format page. The method includes: generating a standard format page which includes a first filling entry, the first filling entry having a default filling value and being configured to be filled with a PLMN identity of a visited place; transmitting the standard format page to the first mobile terminal located at the visited place; receiving a first standard format page transmitted by the first mobile terminal, the first standard format page being a standard format page in which the first filling entry has been filled with the filling value; and identifying and saving the first standard format page. The present disclosure further provides a server for saving a standard format page.

Provided is a method for saving a standard format page. The method includes: generating a standard format page which includes a first filling entry, the first filling entry having a default filling value and being configured to be filled with a PLMN identity of a visited place; transmitting the standard format page to the first mobile terminal located at the visited place; receiving a first standard format page transmitted by the first mobile terminal, the first standard format page being a standard format page in which the first filling entry has been filled with the filling value; and identifying and saving the first standard format page. The present disclosure further provides a server for saving a standard format page.

A method and apparatus for transmitting a local home network identity (LHN ID) in a wireless communication system is provided. A first evolved NodeB (eNB) transmits an X2 Setup Request message including a LHN ID of the first eNB to a second eNB, and receives an X2 Setup Response message including a LHN ID of the second eNB from the second eNB. The first eNB may determine whether or not to trigger a secondary eNB (SeNB) addition procedure according to the LHN ID of the second eNB. When it is determined that the LHN ID of the second eNB is the same as the LHN ID of the first eNB, the first eNB may trigger the SeNB addition procedure.

The disclosed apparatus, systems, and methods relate to a location query mechanism that can efficiently determine whether a target entity is located within a region of interest (ROI). At a high level, the location query mechanism can be configured to represent a ROI using one or more polygons. The location query mechanism can, in turn, divide (e.g., tessellate) the one or more polygons into sub-polygons. Subsequently, the location query mechanism can use the sub-polygons to build an index system that can efficiently determine whether a particular location is within any of the sub-polygons. Therefore, when a computing device queries whether a particular location is within the region of interest, the location query mechanism can use the index system to determine whether the particular location is within any of the sub-polygons.

An AP information management entity of a cellular system transmits a request for information on an AP to an AP server, and receives a response, which includes a result code of the request, from the AP server. The AP information management entity of the cellular system may be one of an eNodeB (eNB), mobility management entity (MME), or a new entity of the cellular system.