A master RAN node (1) associated with a master RAT (1) communicates with a secondary RAN node (2) associated with a secondary RAT and provides a radio terminal (3) with dual connectivity that uses the master RAT and the secondary RAT. In response to receiving, from the radio terminal (3) or a core network (4), terminal capability information indicating that the radio terminal (3) supports the split bearer, the master RAN node (1) uses a PDCP entity, which provides unified PDCP functionalities, for a master cell group split bearer for the radio terminal (3).

A master RAN node (1) associated with a master RAT (1) communicates with a secondary RAN node (2) associated with a secondary RAT and provides a radio terminal (3) with dual connectivity that uses the master RAT and the secondary RAT. In response to receiving, from the radio terminal (3) or a core network (4), terminal capability information indicating that the radio terminal (3) supports the split bearer, the master RAN node (1) uses a PDCP entity, which provides unified PDCP functionalities, for a master cell group split bearer for the radio terminal (3).

In one embodiment, a system comprises: a central area node; access points coupled to the central area node and configured to radiate a remote downlink RF signal and receive a remote uplink RF signal; and a controller configured to execute code for a management virtualization system that includes a virtual system controller function configured to establish a plurality of virtual systems and assign physical resources of the system to each of the virtual systems. The management virtualization system includes a northbound interface driver that defines a first virtualized operator interface configured to manage a first set of physical resources assigned to a first virtual system, and a second virtualized operator interface configured to manage a second set of physical resources assigned to a second virtual system.

In one embodiment, a system comprises: a central area node; access points coupled to the central area node and configured to radiate a remote downlink RF signal and receive a remote uplink RF signal; and a controller configured to execute code for a management virtualization system that includes a virtual system controller function configured to establish a plurality of virtual systems and assign physical resources of the system to each of the virtual systems. The management virtualization system includes a northbound interface driver that defines a first virtualized operator interface configured to manage a first set of physical resources assigned to a first virtual system, and a second virtualized operator interface configured to manage a second set of physical resources assigned to a second virtual system.

Systems and methods are disclosed for a WTRU to operate using multiple schedulers. The WTRU may exchange data with the network over more than one data path, such that each data path may use a radio interface connected to a different network node and each node may be associated with an independent scheduler. For example, a WTRU may establish a RRC connection between the WTRU and a network. The RRC connection may establish a first radio interface between the WTRU and a first serving site of the network and a second radio interface between the WTRU and a second serving site of the network. The RRC connection may be established between the WTRU and the MeNB and a control function may be established between the WTRU and the SCeNB. The WTRU may receive data from the network over the first radio interface or the second radio interface.

Systems and methods are disclosed for a WTRU to operate using multiple schedulers. The WTRU may exchange data with the network over more than one data path, such that each data path may use a radio interface connected to a different network node and each node may be associated with an independent scheduler. For example, a WTRU may establish a RRC connection between the WTRU and a network. The RRC connection may establish a first radio interface between the WTRU and a first serving site of the network and a second radio interface between the WTRU and a second serving site of the network. The RRC connection may be established between the WTRU and the MeNB and a control function may be established between the WTRU and the SCeNB. The WTRU may receive data from the network over the first radio interface or the second radio interface.

Technologies directed to a wireless network with a cascaded star topology with multiple devices at multiples nodes are described. In one wireless network, multiple devices are manufactured as a common device type and deployed at different nodes of the wireless network. The devices are configured to operate as a base station (BS) role, a gateway (GW) role, a relay (RL) role, or a customer station (STA) role. The nodes can be a base station node (BSN), a relay node (RLN), or a customer premises equipment (CPE) node. One node can be a first-tier hub of the cascaded star topology and another node can be a second-tier hub of the cascaded star topology.

A high-speed communication system etc. are provided in New Radio (NR) and LTE. When a secondary base station device detects a data inactive state for all bearers, the secondary base station device notifies a master base station device of occurrence of the data inactive state regardless of absence of an inquiry from the master base station device. The data inactive state is a state in which downlink data for a communication terminal device is inactive. When the master base station device receives the notification about the occurrence of the data inactive state, the master base station device transmits a command to the communication terminal device to transition from an RRC_CONNECTED state to an RRC_INACTIVE state. Based on the command from the master base station device, the communication terminal device transitions to the RRC_INACTIVE state.

Some embodiments provide a method for channel estimation in a wireless device. According to the method, the wireless device obtains an indication that a set of antenna ports, or antenna port types, share at least one channel property. The wireless device then estimates one or more of the shared channel properties based at least on a first reference signal received from a first antenna port included in the set, or having a type corresponding to one of the types in the set. Furthermore, the wireless device performs channel estimation based on a second reference signal received from a second antenna port included in the set, or having a type corresponding to one of the types in the set, wherein the channel estimation is performed using at least the estimated channel properties.

This wireless communication system has a first base station, and a second base station whereby downlink data received from a core network can be transmitted to a terminal via the second base station and the first base station. The second base station transmits, to the first base station, information that makes it possible to identify whether or not flow control can be carried out.