Some demonstrative embodiments include devices, systems and/or methods to establish a connection to the Internet via a local gateway (L-GW) function for a LIPA or a SIPTO@LN. The establishment of the connection to the Internet may be performed, for example, by at least one of an E-RAB SETUP procedure, an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP procedure, an INITIAL UE MESSAGE procedure or an UPLINK NAS TRANSPORT procedure.

An apparatus of a base station (BS) of a radio access network (RAN) comprises memory and processing circuitry. The processing circuitry includes a central unit (CU) portion and a distributed unit (DUI) portion that implement a BS multi-layer protocol stack divided between the CU portion and the DU portion. The processing circuitry initiates a handover to change a serving cell of user equipment (UE). The handover includes a change in a portion of logical layers of the BS multi-layer protocol stack, and the processing circuitry encodes an information element for transmission to the UE indicating logical layers of a UE multi-layer protocol stack implemented in the UE to be reset by the UE in association with the handover.

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for an access control and mobility management function (AMF) node, comprising a processor configured to receive a N2 session management (SM) information from a session management function (SMF) node, wherein the N2 SM information indicates an available area for N2 information, receive a service request from a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU), determine whether to update the N2 SM information based on a location of the WTRU and the available area for N2 information, wherein if the WTRU is outside of the available area for N2 information, the processor is configured to request a second N2 SM information from the SMF node and update the N2 SM information with the second N2 SM information, and send an N2 request with the N2 SM information to an access network associated with the WTRU. The available area for N2 information may be one or more of a user plane function (UPF) node serving area, a WTRU tracking area, or a radio access network (RAN) cell coverage area.

A first method (and related first apparatus) includes transmitting, in a handover request message, an indication of a first protocol version; a second method (and related second apparatus) includes receiving, in the handover request message, the indication, deciding, based on the received indication and a second protocol version, on a value of an information element included in a handover request acknowledgement message to be transmitted, the information element indicating usage of a first or second signaling scheme, and transmitting the handover request acknowledgement message including the information element; and in the first method receiving the handover request acknowledgement message including the information element; and a third method (and related third apparatus) including receiving the handover command message including the information element, and configuring according to one of the first and second signaling schemes indicated by the information element.

The disclosure relates to a 5G or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data rate after a 4G communication system such as LTE. A method according to an embodiment of the disclosure is a control method in an edge enabler server (EES) of a mobile edge computing system, and may include subscribing to a user plane path change event at an edge application server (EAS); determining an application context relocation (ACR) based on receiving a user plane path management event notification from the mobile communication network in case of subscribing to the user plane path change event for the EAS; transmitting an ACR request message to the EAS; receiving an EAS response message from the EAS; and transmitting an application function (AF) acknowledgment message to a first node of the mobile communication network in response to receiving the EAS response message from the EAS.

A cell switching method, a terminal device and a storage medium are provided. The method comprises: when a terminal device executes cell switching, the terminal device keeping an uplink in a source cell at a moment other than the moment for sending a first message; and the terminal device keeping a downlink in the source cell at a moment other than the moment for downlink synchronization with a target cell.

A technique includes sending, by a relay node to a candidate base station via a base station-to-base station connection, a request for transmission of reference signals, wherein the base station-to-base station connection includes, at least in part, a wireless connection; receiving, by the relay node from the candidate base station, a reference signal configuration; and measuring one or more signal parameters of one or more received reference signals based on the received reference signal configuration.

A network-adaptive function control method is provided for a dual-mode mobile terminal. The network-adaptive function control method for a dual-mode mobile terminal supports communication via first and second-type networks includes registering at least one function as a network-adaptive; determining, when a function is requested to be activated, whether the requested function is the network-adaptive function. If it is determined that the requested function is the network-adaptive function, it if determined whether the mobile terminal is in the first-type network; and activating, if the mobile terminal is in the first-type network, the requested function in association with the first-type network. The network-adaptive function control method of the present invention allows registering portable IP network-friendly functions that are served only in a portable IP network domain but not in the cellular network domain, thereby restricting handover to the costly cellular network, resulting in reduction of communication cost.

An edge application handover client in a user equipment may use application client information, such as type service, provider, location, context, and sendee requirements, to assist seamless edge application handovers of application clients between edge application servers. For example, a handover client may use context information to determine an anticipated route of the user equipment, and thereby determine a next, edge application server for a handoff. The handover client may weigh the needs of multiple application clients m selecting servers for handovers. The handover client may issue requests to servers requesting assistance in handover operations, and may issue subscription requests to servers, and further may determine the success of handovers by monitoring application state synchronization or migration between edge application handover servers.

A data transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: a source access network device that receives an end marker from a core network device through a transmission tunnel of a PDU session of a first terminal device, where the PDU session is associated with a first multicast/broadcast service; and in response to the end marker, the source access network device determines, based on the association between the PDU session and the first multicast/broadcast service, that the end marker acts on the first multicast/broadcast service of the first terminal device, to stop sending data of the first multicast/broadcast service to a target access network device through a forwarding tunnel of the first terminal device.