To facilitate a handover of mobile devices from 5.sup.th Generation New Radio (5G) networks to 4.sup.th Generation (4G) networks, an accessibility and mobility management function (AMF) of the 5G network core inactivates a data session in which the mobile device is assigned an Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) address when the mobile device is to be assigned an IP version 4 (IPv4) address in the 4G network. The AMF generates a modified context of the mobile device that omits the IPv6 address of the device. The inactivation of the IPv6 session causes the mobile device to initiate a new data session with the 4G core network, in which the device will be assigned an IPv4 address for use on the 4G network. The modified context is used by the 4G network to configure communications for the mobile device without interrupting network service to the mobile device.

A computing device may include a memory configured to store instructions and a processor configured to execute the instructions to monitor a radio access technology type being used by a user equipment (UE) device to wirelessly communicate with a base station. The processor may be further configured to detect a change from a first radio access technology type to a second radio access technology type; determine that the second radio access technology type has been sustained for at least a particular time period; and report information identifying the change from the first radio access technology type to the second radio access technology type to a Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) device.

A wireless terminal can communicate with two radio access networks (RAN) (304, 306) of different types. The wireless terminal can register simultaneously with a RAN of the first type and a RAN of the second type and can wirelessly connect to a RAN of either the first type or the second type in a connected state. The wireless terminal when registered with both a first RAN and a second RAN and when wirelessly connected to the first RAN in the connected state, receives a mobility signal via the first RAN indicating a RAN of the second type and, in response to receiving the mobility signal and in response to being so registered with the first RAN and second RAN, transmits an access trigger signal (417). The access trigger signal indicates that the wireless terminal is to be connected to the second RAN in the connected state.

We disclose systems and methods of dynamically virtualizing a wireless communication network. The communication network is comprised of heterogeneous multi-RAT mesh nodes coupled to a computing cloud component. The computing cloud component virtualizes the true extent of the resources it manages and presents an interface to the core network that appears to be a single base station.

A method and system for handling both voice and non-voice calls in a CSFB scenario is disclosed. An indication is provided to user equipment (UE) to indicate whether the CSFB call is a voice call or a non-voice call (CS data call). The indication can be provided to the UE by a wireless network in a RRC connection release message or a CS service notification message. Further, the UE upon receiving the indication from the network can indicate whether the CSFB call is a voice call or a data call to a target radio access network (RAN) by providing a priority bit indication to all the voice calls for differentiating the voice calls from non-voice calls. The RAN prioritizes all the voice calls ahead of non-voice calls for the UE in the CSFB scenario.

A method of wireless communication by a user equipment (UE) supporting multiple subscriptions, includes camping on a first cell of a first radio access technology (RAT) with a first data subscription, and camping on a second cell of a second RAT with a second data subscription. The method also includes triggering a transition to the first cell of the first RAT for the second data subscription. The method further includes performing, with the first data subscription, activities on behalf of the second data subscription.

A service handover method includes receiving a handover request signaling sent by a multi-card user equipment. The handover request signaling is configured to request a handover to a second communication system, the handover request signaling carries second service information, and the second service information is service information of a to-be-transmitted service of the multi-card user equipment in the second communication system. The method further includes generating a handover response signaling in response to determining to allow the multi-card user equipment to perform a handover operation based on first service information and the second service information. The handover response signaling carries handover configuration information, and the first service information is service information corresponding to the to-be-transmitted service of the multi-card user equipment in the first communication system.

A method for handover between a private network and a public network based on cloud communications includes: receiving, by a cloud communication server, measurement information reported by a cloud communication terminal; determining, based on the measurement information and a network used by the cloud communication terminal, whether the cloud communication terminal satisfies a network handover condition; in response to determining that the cloud communication terminal satisfies the network handover condition, assigning a cloud SIM card to the cloud communication terminal, such that the cloud communication terminal establishes a data connection in a target network based on the cloud SIM card; and in response to receiving information indicative of successful establishment of the data connection in the target network from the cloud communication terminal, releasing a cloud SIM card used by the cloud communication terminal in a source network.

The present disclosure relates to a pre-5.sup.th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). The embodiments in the present disclosure allow to transfer remaining data between different base stations in a dual-registration interworking process, which provides terminal mobility between 4G and 5G networks without a data loss. Further, it provides the terminal mobility with no data loss without changing 5G and 4G base station implementation through addition of a simple function of new equipment, such as SMF and UPF. Further, it supports different QoS and forwarding path units in the 5G/4G networks without changing 5G and 4G base station functions. Further, it exempts additional function implementation costs for re-ordering in a terminal and a network through in-order delivery of packets to the terminal without changing the packet order during 4G-5G network movement.

A distributed software defined network (SDN) packet core system is configured to support a plurality of radio access technologies. The distributed SDN packet core system can include a cloud-based SDN centralized infrastructure instance and a plurality of local SDN infrastructure instances distributed in proximity to wireless access networks and radio access points thereof. The cloud-based centralized SDN infrastructure instance can be configured to handle network operations that are not latency sensitive. Each local SDN infrastructure instance can include a plurality of computer devices configured to execute a plurality of RAT specific control-plane modules and a plurality of RAT independent packet processing modules for performing latency sensitive network operations.