When an access node is providing a UE with carrier-aggregation service on a PCell in combination with one or more SCells and the UE engages in a voice call including uplink voice communication on the PCell, the access node will determine that there is a threshold high level of IMD on the uplink resulting from concurrent downlink transmissions, and the access node will responsively swap the UE's PCell with one of the UE's one or more SCells. In a representative implementation, the decision to swap these carriers in the UE's connection could be based on a further determination that the level of IMD on the uplink of the SCell is not threshold high.

When an access node is providing a UE with carrier-aggregation service on a PCell in combination with one or more SCells and the UE engages in a voice call including uplink voice communication on the PCell, the access node will determine that there is a threshold high level of IMD on the uplink resulting from concurrent downlink transmissions, and the access node will responsively swap the UE's PCell with one of the UE's one or more SCells. In a representative implementation, the decision to swap these carriers in the UE's connection could be based on a further determination that the level of IMD on the uplink of the SCell is not threshold high.

A session management function (SMF) receives, from a wireless device, a packet data unit (PDU) session establishment request message requesting establishment of a PDU session associated with an application and offloaded processing of data from the wireless device to an application server associated with the application. The SMF sends, to the wireless device, a response message indicating a rejection or an acceptance of the offloaded processing of data.

A session management function (SMF) receives, from a wireless device, a packet data unit (PDU) session establishment request message requesting establishment of a PDU session associated with an application and offloaded processing of data from the wireless device to an application server associated with the application. The SMF sends, to the wireless device, a response message indicating a rejection or an acceptance of the offloaded processing of data.

A dual band LTE small cell base station communicates on both licensed bands and unlicensed bands. The small cell base station modifies the communication protocol utilized by the licensed band to enable communication over an unlicensed band. This modification involves replacing the physical (PHY) layer of the licensed band communication protocol with the PHY layer of a to-be-used protocol in an unlicensed band.

A dual band LTE small cell base station communicates on both licensed bands and unlicensed bands. The small cell base station modifies the communication protocol utilized by the licensed band to enable communication over an unlicensed band. This modification involves replacing the physical (PHY) layer of the licensed band communication protocol with the PHY layer of a to-be-used protocol in an unlicensed band.

A system for an enhanced X2 interface in a mobile operator core network is disclosed, comprising: a Long Term Evolution (LTE) core network packet data network gateway (PGW); an evolved NodeB (eNodeB) connected to the LTE PGW; a Wi-Fi access point (AP) connected to the LTE PGW via a wireless local area network (WLAN) gateway; and a coordinating node positioned as a gateway between the LTE PGW and the eNodeB, and positioned as a gateway between the LTE PGW and the Wi-Fi AP, the coordinating node further comprising: a network address translation (NAT) module; and a protocol module for communicating to the eNodeB and the Wi-Fi AP to request inter-radio technology (inter-RAT) handovers of a user equipment (UE) from the eNodeB to the Wi-Fi AP and to forward packets intended for the UE from the eNodeB to the Wi-Fi AP.

A system for an enhanced X2 interface in a mobile operator core network is disclosed, comprising: a Long Term Evolution (LTE) core network packet data network gateway (PGW); an evolved NodeB (eNodeB) connected to the LTE PGW; a Wi-Fi access point (AP) connected to the LTE PGW via a wireless local area network (WLAN) gateway; and a coordinating node positioned as a gateway between the LTE PGW and the eNodeB, and positioned as a gateway between the LTE PGW and the Wi-Fi AP, the coordinating node further comprising: a network address translation (NAT) module; and a protocol module for communicating to the eNodeB and the Wi-Fi AP to request inter-radio technology (inter-RAT) handovers of a user equipment (UE) from the eNodeB to the Wi-Fi AP and to forward packets intended for the UE from the eNodeB to the Wi-Fi AP.

A message receiving method and a message receiving apparatus, a message sending method and a message sending apparatus, a device and a storage medium are provided. The message receiving method includes: sending by the first network element a request message to a second network element, where the request message is used to indicate the second network element to send a request acknowledgement message; receiving the request acknowledgement message sent by the second network element, where the request acknowledgement message carries grid information of a target cell; and updating grid information of the first network element according to the grid information of the target cell carried in the request acknowledgement message.

A message receiving method and a message receiving apparatus, a message sending method and a message sending apparatus, a device and a storage medium are provided. The message receiving method includes: sending by the first network element a request message to a second network element, where the request message is used to indicate the second network element to send a request acknowledgement message; receiving the request acknowledgement message sent by the second network element, where the request acknowledgement message carries grid information of a target cell; and updating grid information of the first network element according to the grid information of the target cell carried in the request acknowledgement message.