A terminal (200) includes: a receiving unit (220) that receives, from a source gNB (100A), configuration information of a candidate target cell subordinate to a target gNB (100B); and a control unit (240) that performs a procedure for transition to the target gNB (100B) based on the configuration information of the candidate target cell without performing a reestablishment procedure when a radio link failure occurs. The control unit (240) resumes a radio bearer suspended between the terminal (200) and the target gNB (100B) in a case of performing the procedure for transition to the target gNB (100B) based on the configuration information of the candidate target cell.

An aviation connectivity gateway module for remote access to an aircraft's systems and remotely offloading its aircraft data. The module broadly comprises a CPU, a first set of communication elements, a second set of communication elements, a memory, a battery, an IMU, a GPS module, and a number of antennas. The module responds to remote prompts and offloads aircraft data when the aircraft is powered off. An aviation connectivity gateway module for complete BVLOS cellular network connectivity broadly comprises a CPU, a set of electronic connectors, a memory, an IMU, a GPS module, a first cellular connectivity element, a second cellular connectivity element, and a number of antennas. The module switches between the first cellular communication element and the second communication element based a status of the aircraft.

An aviation connectivity gateway module for remote access to an aircraft's systems and remotely offloading its aircraft data. The module broadly comprises a CPU, a first set of communication elements, a second set of communication elements, a memory, a battery, an IMU, a GPS module, and a number of antennas. The module responds to remote prompts and offloads aircraft data when the aircraft is powered off. An aviation connectivity gateway module for complete BVLOS cellular network connectivity broadly comprises a CPU, a set of electronic connectors, a memory, an IMU, a GPS module, a first cellular connectivity element, a second cellular connectivity element, and a number of antennas. The module switches between the first cellular communication element and the second communication element based a status of the aircraft.

A communication method implemented by an apparatus includes that a source access network element sends information of a unicast quality of service (QoS) flow of a protocol data unit (PDU) session corresponding to a multicast QoS flow of a multicast broadcast service (MBS) to a target access network element in a handover procedure. The target access network element forwards the information to a session management network element. The session management network element then indicates a user plane network element connected to the target access network element to send data of the MBS to a terminal device through the target access network element and by using a resource of the unicast QoS flow corresponding to the multicast QoS flow of the MBS.

A communication method implemented by an apparatus includes that a source access network element sends information of a unicast quality of service (QoS) flow of a protocol data unit (PDU) session corresponding to a multicast QoS flow of a multicast broadcast service (MBS) to a target access network element in a handover procedure. The target access network element forwards the information to a session management network element. The session management network element then indicates a user plane network element connected to the target access network element to send data of the MBS to a terminal device through the target access network element and by using a resource of the unicast QoS flow corresponding to the multicast QoS flow of the MBS.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for implementing multicast broadcast service handover at a computer device acting as user equipment. The method includes: obtaining a PDU session associated with the MBS session, S-NSSAI of the PDU session being the same as S-NSSAI of the MBS session, and a DNN of the PDU session being the same as a DNN of the MBS session; obtaining an MBS session identity of the MBS session; obtaining, from an MB-SMF according to the MBS session identity, quality of service flow information corresponding to the activated MBS session; and establishing, on the PDU session according to the quality of service flow information corresponding to the activated MBS session, a quality of service flow corresponding to the activated MBS session, the quality of service flow corresponding to the activated MBS session including one or more quality of service flows.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for implementing multicast broadcast service handover at a computer device acting as user equipment. The method includes: obtaining a PDU session associated with the MBS session, S-NSSAI of the PDU session being the same as S-NSSAI of the MBS session, and a DNN of the PDU session being the same as a DNN of the MBS session; obtaining an MBS session identity of the MBS session; obtaining, from an MB-SMF according to the MBS session identity, quality of service flow information corresponding to the activated MBS session; and establishing, on the PDU session according to the quality of service flow information corresponding to the activated MBS session, a quality of service flow corresponding to the activated MBS session, the quality of service flow corresponding to the activated MBS session including one or more quality of service flows.

A method of quality of experience (QoE) measurement and reporting includes transmitting, by a user equipment (UE) to a first base station (BS): one or more first QoE measurement reports associated with a first QoE configuration and one or more second QoE measurement reports associated with a second QoE configuration; performing a dual active protocol stack (DAPS) handover, from the first BS to a second BS, in response to receiving a handover command. The handover command indicates that the second BS supports the first QoE configuration and does not support the second QoE configuration. Until successful completion of a random access process to the second BS, the DAPS handover includes: transmitting, to the first BS, one or more third QoE measurement reports associated with the first QoE configuration and not transmitting, to the first BS, a QoE measurement report associated with the second QoE configuration.

A method of quality of experience (QoE) measurement and reporting includes transmitting, by a user equipment (UE) to a first base station (BS): one or more first QoE measurement reports associated with a first QoE configuration and one or more second QoE measurement reports associated with a second QoE configuration; performing a dual active protocol stack (DAPS) handover, from the first BS to a second BS, in response to receiving a handover command. The handover command indicates that the second BS supports the first QoE configuration and does not support the second QoE configuration. Until successful completion of a random access process to the second BS, the DAPS handover includes: transmitting, to the first BS, one or more third QoE measurement reports associated with the first QoE configuration and not transmitting, to the first BS, a QoE measurement report associated with the second QoE configuration.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may identify a configuration for a set of bandwidth part groups including an intra-group switching delay and an inter-group switching delay, where the intra-group switching delay is smaller than the inter-group switching delay. The UE may communicate with a base station on a first bandwidth part of a first bandwidth part group of the set of bandwidth part groups. The UE may switch to a second bandwidth part of the first bandwidth part group based at least in part on the intra-group switching delay, or the UE may switch to a third bandwidth part of a second bandwidth part group based at least in part on the inter-group switching delay. The UE may communicate with the base station on the second bandwidth part or the third bandwidth part based on switching.