A wireless communication method for use in a wireless terminal is disclosed. The wireless communication method comprises determining at least one transmission state for an uplink channel, wherein at least one of a spatial relation or an antenna port of the uplink channel is determined based on a first transmission state of the at least one transmission state, and transmitting, to a wireless network node, the uplink channel.

Embodiments of the present invention provide improved multi-link operation over for recovering from a transmission failure on a primary link. During synchronous transmission on the NSTR pair of links, a transmission failure of an MPDU may happen on either link of the NSTR pair of links. Error recovery can be performed when an AP MLD is operating on the NSTR pair of links. When a transmission failure is detected, error recovery can be performed, and the timing of a synchronous transmission on the other wireless link can be managed to advantageously avoid IDC interference and improve performance of the wireless network.

A method in a terminal device. The method includes determining a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) configuration for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and transmitting to a network device the PUSCH using the DMRS configuration along with a preamble, in a random access message.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive a random access response (RAR). The UE may decode the RAR based at least in part on information that differentiates RARs according to UE type. Numerous other aspects are described.

An example embodiment relates to Random Access Channel, RACH, procedure, for example in the New Radio, NR. Random access procedures may be of two types, contention based CBRA and contention free, CFRA. A client device may only perform CBRA fallback when none of the reference signal received strengths, RSRPs, of the synchronization signal blocks, SSBs, which is associated with the CFRA resources is above a predefined threshold, T1. All SSBs and CSI-RS with associated CFRA resources may be below the threshold. Then, the client device may select an SSB or CSI-RS according to a predefined rule and perform CFRA when CFRA resources are associated. Devices, methods and computer programs are disclosed accordingly.

A method for random access includes: respectively configuring, in a frequency domain, an initial transmission resource pool and a re-transmission resource pool of a physical random access channel (PRACH), and frequency-domain resource in the initial transmission resource pool are used for initial transmission of a random access preamble, frequency-domain resource in the re-transmission resource pool are used for re-transmission of the random access preamble, and initial transmission frequency-domain resources in the initial transmission resource pool and re-transmission frequency-domain resources in the re-transmission resource pool have a one-to-one mapping relationship; and sending random access configuration information, the random access configuration information includes resource configuration information for the initial transmission resource pool and resource configuration information for the re-transmission resource pool.

The present disclosure relates to a communication technique for combining an IoT technology with a 5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate than a 4G system, and a system therefor. The present disclosure can be applied to intelligent services (for example, smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cars, health care, digital education, retail businesses, security and safety-related services, and the like) on the basis of 5G communication technologies and IoT-related technologies. A method for a terminal in a wireless communication system, according to the present disclosure, comprises: measuring reference signal received power (RSRP) values corresponding to respective synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) on the basis of a plurality of SSBs which have been transmitted by a base station; identifying a coverage enhancement (GE) level of the terminal on the basis of measured RSRP values and at least one RSRP threshold; and transmitting at least one random access preamble to the base station on the basis of the identified CE level.

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The present invention discloses a method for applying backoff when using two-step random access.

A method by a user equipment (UE) for Message A (MsgA) transmission in a two-step Random Access (RA) procedure is provided. The method includes receiving, from a base station (BS), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) configuration including sets of PRACH preambles, each set of PRACH preambles being associated with a feature or feature combination; receiving, from the BS, a first MsgA Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) configuration associated with the PRACH configuration; receiving, from the BS, a second MsgAPUSCH configuration associated with a specific set of PRACH preambles; determining a first PRACH preamble associated with a specific feature or feature combination from the sets of PRACH preambles; determining a MsgA PUSCH corresponding to the first PRACH preamble depending on whether the first PRACH preamble is within the specific set of PRACH preambles; and transmitting, to the BS, the first PRACH preamble and the MsgA PUSCH.

In a first embodiment, a method for determining a dynamic RACH response backoff indicator is disclosed, comprising: estimating a load on the PRACH, based on a number of preambles detected for each PRACH slot, noise floor level, and other Phy features; and using this as an input to perform dynamic backoff indicator selection. In a second embodiment, a method for determining dynamic RACH response backoff indicator is disclosed, comprising: determining, by using the information provided by the connected UEs, how much effort was required to connect with an eNB; and deciding, by a dynamic core allocation, if a zero backoff indicator can be used or a non-zero backoff indicator value is needed to be used.