An instant electrode water is provided. The instant electrode water heater comprises a housing for containing water therein with the housing having a water inlet and a water outlet. A plurality of electrode plates is disposed inside the housing. The electrode plates are placed such that the electrode plates are oriented parallel to each other and have a predetermined distance between two successive electrode plates for directing water received at the water inlet through successive channels, with each channel being formed by two successive electrode plates, to the water outlet. A plurality of electric contacts is disposed in the housing such that each electric contact is in a touching relationship with a respective electrode plate for providing AC electric power thereto. Electric control circuitry is connected to the electric contacts for controllably providing electric power thereto. The electrode plates may be contained in an electrode cartridge which is removably disposed in a cavity of the housing. The electric control circuitry may comprise current sense circuitry for providing a current sense signal indicative of an electric power usage of the electrodes. A microcontroller is connected to the current sense circuitry, an AC electric power supply, and a user interface. The microcontroller determines supply of the AC electric power to the electrodes in dependence upon the current sense signal and the user input signal and provides a supply control signal indicative of the supply of the AC electric power to the electrodes to the AC electric power supply.

A material-removing heater device including: a first terminal portion defining a first electrode; a second terminal portion defining a second electrode; and a heating portion which connects the first terminal portion to the second terminal portion, the heating portion heatable by a flow of electrical current from the first terminal portion to the second terminal portion to remove a portion of material of a display device. The heating portion defines a lower end surface of the material-removing heater device at which the material-removing heater device contacts the material of the display device, the heating portion disposes the lower end surface to have a concave shape, and the heating portion which is heated deforms the lower end surface from the concave shape to have a planar shape.

Disclosed is a system for ohmic heating of a fluid which includes at least one chamber for receiving the fluid and at least two units each including at least one electrode. Each of the at least one electrode is associated to at least one device for galvanic separation. The electrodes of each of the two units are disposed in the chamber at a distance apart from one another and the device for galvanic separation is disposed outside of the chamber. The system also includes at least one frequency inverter that is electrically connected to the at least two electrodeunits for operating the at least two electrodeunits.

The present invention relates to an Electro-Thermal Heating element for a wind turbine blade comprising an electrically conductive resistive material; two active busbars for supplying electrical power to the electrically conductive resistive material; and at least one dummy busbar at a predetermined spacing between the two active busbars on the electrically conductive resistive material. The present invention is also directed to a method of repair of the Electro-Thermal Heating Element.

An apparatus includes a first electrode exhibiting a first Seebeck coefficient, a second electrode exhibiting a second Seebeck coefficient greater than the first Seebeck coefficient, and particles between the first and second electrodes exhibiting a third Seebeck coefficient between the first and second Seebeck coefficients. An alternating current power supply is electrically connected to the first and second electrodes. Heat is generated due to the Peltier effect at a junction between the first electrode and the particles and at a junction between the second electrode and the particles. Heat is removed due to the Peltier effect at the junction between the first electrode and the particles and at the junction between the second electrode and the particles. The particles are densified due to heating and cooling phase transitions between a higher-temperature solid phase and a lower-temperature solid phase while compressing the particles.

A main energizing/heating unit has an outer electrode and an inner electrode, and energizes a fool material to be gelatinized by heating and continuously heat-treats it while it is conveyed in a food flow channel. The food flow channel in which the food material flows is formed between the both electrodes. Fed to the food material flowing in the food flow channel by a power supply section is a current in a direction traversing a flow direction of the food material. An inner cooling flow channel is formed in the inner electrode, and cooling liquid is fed to the inner cooling flow channel through a piping.

A method includes a first electrode exhibiting a first Seebeck coefficient, a second electrode exhibiting a second Seebeck coefficient greater than the first Seebeck coefficient, and particles between the first and second electrodes exhibiting a third Seebeck coefficient between the first and second Seebeck coefficients. Heat is generated due to the Peltier effect at a junction between the first electrode and the particles and at a junction between the second electrode and the particles. Heat is removed due to the Peltier effect at the junction between the first electrode and the particles and at the junction between the second electrode and the particles. The particles are densified due to heating and cooling phase transitions between a higher-temperature solid phase and a lower-temperature solid phase while compressing the particles. An apparatus includes the first and second electrodes and an alternating current power supply electrically connected to the first and second electrodes.

A heatable leading-edge apparatus for an aircraft having a main structure and a heating layer. The heating layer comprises a fiber composite layer with fibers and with a matrix which surrounds the fibers. The fibers are at least partially formed as conducting fibers, such as carbon fibers, with an electrically insulating coating. Owing to the conducting fibers, which act as electrical heating elements, a desired surface temperature can be established on an outer side of the leading-edge apparatus.

A heating system includes: a control device, a power supply device and a heating circuit. The heating circuit includes a heating component and a current control component. The power supply device is used to provide a heating current for the heating circuit. The heating component is used to heat the camera with the heating current. The current control component is used to adjust a resistance of the heating circuit. The resistance is negatively correlated with a current passing through the heating circuit. The control device is used to control the power supply device to adjust a current value of the heating current from a first current value to a second current value after detecting that the heating component enters a non-energized state from an energized state. The second current value is less than the first current value.

A subsea direct electrical heating power supply system includes at least one input device adapted to couple the direct electrical heating power supply system to a power supply and a subsea variable speed drive, for receiving electrical power from the at least one input device and for providing an AC output, including a plurality of series-connected power cells. Each power cell includes an inverter and a bypass device to selectively bypass the power cell. The system further includes an adjustable subsea capacitor connected to the AC output of the subsea variable speed drive; an output device adapted to couple the direct electrical heating power supply system to a subsea pipeline section; and a controller, adapted to adjust the capacitance of the adjustable subsea capacitor such that upon the system output voltage being reduced, the current output by the direct electrical heating power supply system is increased.