There is provided a pipe heating device, including; a sensor installed in a gas pipe; a heating part having a heat generation portion arranged so as to cover the gas pipe except for a region of the gas pipe where the sensor is installed; and a heat conducting member attached between an outer peripheral surface of the gas pipe and the sensor and formed of a material having a higher thermal conductivity than the gas pipe.

A system such as a vehicle may have windows with one or more conductive layers. The conductive layers may form part of an infrared-light-blocking layer or other layer. The infrared-light-blocking layer or other layer may be formed as a coating on a transparent structural window layer such as an outer or inner glass layer in a laminated window or may be embedded in a polymer layer between the outer and inner layers. Segmented terminals and elongated terminals that may extend past two or more segmented terminals may be coupled to the edges of the conductive layers. Using these terminals, control circuitry can apply localized ohmic heating currents and can make resistance measurements on the conductive layers to detect cracks.

A system such as a vehicle may have windows with one or more conductive layers. The conductive layers may form part of an infrared-light-blocking layer or other layer. The infrared-light-blocking layer or other layer may be formed as a coating on a transparent structural window layer such as an outer or inner glass layer in a laminated window or may be embedded in a polymer layer between the outer and inner layers. Segmented terminals and elongated terminals that may extend past two or more segmented terminals may be coupled to the edges of the conductive layers. Using these terminals, control circuitry can apply localized ohmic heating currents and can make resistance measurements on the conductive layers to detect cracks.

An apparatus and method for inspecting articles incorporating positive temperature coefficient resistors. The inspection apparatus includes a computing device, a power source, a housing, a support, and a thermal imager, each mounted within an interior volume of the housing. The inspection method includes receiving a first thermal image of the unpowered article mounted within the support and receiving a second thermal image of the powered article after an optimized time delay. The method further includes outputting a health indication of the positive temperature coefficient resistors based on a comparison of the first thermal image and the second thermal image.

The invention relates to a heat exchanger system, in particular for connection to an internal combustion engine, preferably of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one heat exchanger module, in particular oil-water heat exchanger module (10), and a layer heating module (11), which is mounted or mountable on the heat exchanger module, wherein the layer heating module (11) comprises a substrate, in particular a carrier plate (12), and an electric heating coating (13) applied to the substrate, in particular to the carrier plate (12).

The invention relates to a heat exchanger system, in particular for connection to an internal combustion engine, preferably of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one heat exchanger module, in particular oil-water heat exchanger module (10), and a layer heating module (11), which is mounted or mountable on the heat exchanger module, wherein the layer heating module (11) comprises a substrate, in particular a carrier plate (12), and an electric heating coating (13) applied to the substrate, in particular to the carrier plate (12).

A heater member (1a) includes a support (10), a heating element (20), and at least one pair of power supply electrodes (30). The support (10) is made of an organic polymer and has a sheet shape. The heating element (20) is made of a polycrystalline material containing indium oxide as a main component and in contact with one principal surface of the support (10). The power supply electrodes (30) are in contact with one principal surface of the heating element (20). The heating element (20) has a sheet resistance in the range from 10 to 150 Ω/sq. The heating element (20) has a thickness of more than 20 nm and not more than 200 nm. The internal stress of the heating element (20) as measured by an X-ray stress measurement method is 500 MPa or less.

A heater member (1a) includes a support (10), a heating element (20), and at least one pair of power supply electrodes (30). The support (10) is made of an organic polymer and has a sheet shape. The heating element (20) is made of a polycrystalline material containing indium oxide as a main component and in contact with one principal surface of the support (10). The power supply electrodes (30) are in contact with one principal surface of the heating element (20). The heating element (20) has a sheet resistance in the range from 10 to 150 Ω/sq. The heating element (20) has a thickness of more than 20 nm and not more than 200 nm. The internal stress of the heating element (20) as measured by an X-ray stress measurement method is 500 MPa or less.

Apparatuses, systems and methods of providing heat to enable an FDM additive manufacturing nozzle having refined print control and enhanced printing speed. The heating element may include at least one sheath sized to fittedly engage around an outer circumference of the FDM printer nozzle; at least one wire coil at least partially contacting an inner diameter of the sheath; and at least one energy receiver associated with the at least one wire coil.

Apparatuses, systems and methods of providing heat to enable an FDM additive manufacturing nozzle having refined print control and enhanced printing speed. The heating element may include at least one sheath sized to fittedly engage around an outer circumference of the FDM printer nozzle; at least one wire coil at least partially contacting an inner diameter of the sheath; and at least one energy receiver associated with the at least one wire coil.