A temperature manipulating apparatus for providing heating to different components of a vehicle, which includes a base medium made of rigid or flexible materials, such as glass, ceramic, plastic sheet, a fabric sheet and a leather sheet. The temperature manipulating apparatus includes a plurality of heat generating elements which are connected to the plurality of electricity conducting electrodes. The temperature manipulating apparatus includes a plurality of electricity conducting electrodes which are disposed on the heat generating elements and the base medium. The temperature manipulating apparatus may be supplied electricity from an electric power source via a connecting module. The plurality of heat generating elements may be in form of one or more layers of electrically conductive elements disposed on the base medium. The heat generating elements may be arranged in various configurations with respect to the electricity conducting electrodes to maximize the heating effect and suit different shapes of different components to be applied with the temperature manipulating apparatus.

A heating device including a support and at least one heating element group on the support has at least one heating element on the support and two connection contacts for the heating element group. The two connection contacts are electrically disconnected from one another and make electrical contact with the single heating element or all of the heating elements of the heating element group for connection to a current supply or as a power connection. An effective width of all of the heating elements within a common heating element group is greater than an effective length of the single heating element or all of the heating elements of this common heating element group between the two connection contacts.

A heater sheet is configured to be applied to a cover of a vehicle-mounted sensor. The heater sheet is provided with a sheet substrate which is attached to the cover, and at least one heat generating strip which is provided along the sheet substrate. The heat generating strip is formed in a mesh shape in which a large number of filamentous first electrical conductors and a large number of filamentous second electrical conductors intersect one another. The first electrical conductors and the second electrical conductors are arranged in such a way as to be inclined relative to a horizontal direction.

A heater sheet is configured to be applied to a cover of a vehicle-mounted sensor. The heater sheet is provided with a sheet substrate which is attached to the cover, and at least one heat generating strip which is provided along the sheet substrate. The heat generating strip is formed in a mesh shape in which a large number of filamentous first electrical conductors and a large number of filamentous second electrical conductors intersect one another. The first electrical conductors and the second electrical conductors are arranged in such a way as to be inclined relative to a horizontal direction.

An air-heating type heat not burn heating device, a ceramic heating element and a preparation method thereof are provided. The ceramic heating element includes a honeycomb ceramic body and a heating printed circuit. Porous channels are arranged in the honeycomb ceramic body, and the porous channels are circular holes or polygonal holes. The heating printed circuit is arranged around an outer surface of the honeycomb ceramic body to heat the air passing through the porous channels. According to the ceramic heating element, the surface made of high purity alumina honeycomb ceramic has high compactness, it is able to effectively prevent absorption of smoke dust particles, thus to effectively preventing odd smell; the high-purity alumina honeycomb ceramic has good thermal conductivity, with a thermal conductivity of 33 W/mk; the wall thickness and pore diameter in the honeycomb ceramic structure are both very small, and the thermal conductivity is extremely excellent.

A window defroster assembly for use in a motor vehicle includes a transparent panel and a defroster grid integrally formed with the transparent panel by means of a robotic dispensing mechanism. The defroster includes conductive first and second busbars and a plurality of conductive grid lines extending between and connected to the first and second busbars.

An electric heater includes a substrate, a first outer pattern part disposed on one surface of the substrate and to connect with a pair of first electrodes, a second outer pattern part to connect with the pair of first electrodes in parallel with the first outer pattern part and to be spaced apart from the first outer pattern part, and an inner pattern part disposed on one surface of the substrate so as to be located such that the first outer pattern part and the second outer pattern part surround the inner pattern part, to be spaced apart from the first outer pattern part and the second outer pattern part, and to connect with a pair of second electrodes spaced apart from the pair of first electrodes.

A lamp or lens assembly for a motor vehicle that includes electrically conductive traces for defogging or deicing the lens. Aspects include a light transmissive lens coupled to a lamp housing. The light transmissive lens may define a curved cross-section with a curvature extending across the length and/or the width of the lens. The lens may include one or more electrically conductive traces positioned on a surface of the lens, the electrically conductive traces optionally extending across and curving with the curvature of the light transmissive lens. One or more coatings may optionally cover the conductive traces and a portion of the lens surface leaving portions uncovered. The electrically conductive traces may extend outwardly away from the surface of the lens with height that is greater than their width.

A lamp or lens assembly for a motor vehicle that includes electrically conductive traces for defogging or deicing the lens. Aspects include a light transmissive lens coupled to a lamp housing. The light transmissive lens may define a curved cross-section with a curvature extending across the length and/or the width of the lens. The lens may include one or more electrically conductive traces positioned on a surface of the lens, the electrically conductive traces optionally extending across and curving with the curvature of the light transmissive lens. One or more coatings may optionally cover the conductive traces and a portion of the lens surface leaving portions uncovered. The electrically conductive traces may extend outwardly away from the surface of the lens with height that is greater than their width.

Described herein is a heater for space equipment that includes a heat pipe. The heater also includes a first layer applied to the heat pipe. The first layer may be made from an electrically non-conductive material. The heater additionally includes a resistance heater printed onto the first layer after the first layer is applied to the heat pipe. The heater includes a second layer adjacent the resistance heater. The resistance heater may be positioned between the first layer and the second layer, and the second layer may be made from an electrically non-conductive material.